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arXiv 1908.00568cond-mat.stat-mech
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一维活性粒子的无序分支

Ramifications of disorder on active particles in one dimension

Ydan Ben Dor, Eric Woillez, Yariv Kafri, Mehran Kardar, Alexandre P Solon

摘要:

在一维空间中研究了淬火无序对单个和多个活跃的自由落体粒子的影响。对于单个粒子,我们考虑稳态分布和粒子的动力学受到三个参数的混乱:一个有界的外部潜力,粒子的速度,和它的翻滚率。我们表明,在无序势的情况下,行为就像一个平衡粒子扩散的随机力景观,这意味着一个动态的时间是缓慢的。在速度或翻滚速率无序的情况下,我们发现粒子一般表现出扩散运动,尽管无序的特定选择可能导致异常扩散。基于单粒子的结果,我们发现,在一个系统中有许多相互作用的粒子,在潜在的无序导致强集群。我们表征的集群在两个不同的制度,取决于系统的大小,并表明,平均集群大小的尺度与系统的大小,在非无序系统。

英文摘要:

The effects of quenched disorder on a single and many active run-and-tumble particles is studied in one dimension. For a single particle, we consider both the steady-state distribution and the particle's dynamics subject to disorder in three parameters: a bounded external potential, the particle's speed, and its tumbling rate. We show that in the case of a disordered potential, the behavior is like an equilibrium particle diffusing on a random force landscape, implying a dynamics that is logarithmically slow in time. In the situations of disorder in the speed or tumbling rate, we find that the particle generically exhibits diffusive motion, although particular choices of the disorder may lead to anomalous diffusion. Based on the single-particle results, we find that in a system with many interacting particles, disorder in the potential leads to strong clustering. We characterize the clustering in two different regimes depending on the system size and show that the mean cluster size scales with the system size, in contrast to non-disordered systems.

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