An unknown absorber near the cloud top level of Venus generates a broad absorption feature from the ultraviolet (UV) to visible, peaking around 360 nm, and therefore plays a critical role in the solar energy absorption. We present a quantitative study on the variability of the cloud albedo at 365 nm and its impact on Venus' solar heating rates based on an analysis of Venus Express and Akatsuki's UV images, and Hubble Space Telescope and MESSENGER's UV spectral data; in this analysis the calibration correction factor of the UV images of Venus Express (VMC) is updated relative to the Hubble and MESSENGER albedo measurements. Our results indicate that the 365-nm albedo varied by a factor of 2 from 2006 to 2017 over the entire planet, producing a 25-40% change in the low latitude solar heating rate according to our radiative transfer calculations. Thus, the cloud top level atmosphere should have experienced considerable solar heating variations over this period. Our global circulation model calculations show that this variable solar heating rate may explain the observed variations of zonal wind from 2006 to 2017. Overlaps in the timescale of the long-term UV albedo and the solar activity variations make it plausible that solar extreme UV intensity and cosmic-ray variations influenced the observed albedo trends. The albedo variations might also be linked with temporal variations of the upper cloud SO2 gas abundance, which affects the H2SO4-H2O aerosol formation.
Nightside Winds at the Lower Clouds of Venus with Akatsuki/IR2: Longitudinal, local time and decadal variations from comparison with previous measurements
我们介绍了2016年JAXA Akatsuki任务观测的金星夜侧低云风速测量结果，并补充了2012年TNG/NICS和2015年和2017年IRTF/SpeX获得的地面观测的新风测量结果。风的纬向和纬向分量是通过云跟踪来测量的，这些云跟踪来自相机IR 2使用2.26- $\mathrm{μm}$滤波器获得的总共466张金星Akatsuki图像，空间分辨率范围为每像素10- 80 km，覆盖时间为2016年3月22日至10月31日。通过自动模板匹配技术获得了超过149，000个风矢量，并通过手动程序推断了2，947个风矢量。风的两个分量的纬向廓线被认为是一致的金星快车任务在2006- 2008年期间的结果，虽然更强的风变率被发现在赤道纬度的纬向分量，晓观测有更好的观察几何比金星快车。低纬度的纬向风也表明了一种纬向变化，这种变化可能与太阳潮汐或垂直传播的地形波有关。最后，我们从TNG/NICS，IRTF/SpeX和Akatsuki图像中测量的风与先前公布的数据相结合，并基于1978年至2017年的数据，表明金星夜面较低云层的风的变化高达30 m s $^{-1}$。
On the estimation of Sulfuric Acid Vapor concentrations below the Venus cloud deck using the Akatsuki Radio Science Experiment
Space Physics Laboratory, VSSC（空间物理实验室，VSSC）；Research Centre, University of Kerala（喀拉拉大学研究中心）；Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo（东京大学前沿科学研究生院）；Faculty of Science, Kyoto Sangyo University（京都产业大学理学部）
Study on the Venusian Atmospheric Thermal Structure: A Comparative Analysis between VEX/Akatsuki and Venus-GRAM/VCD
Space Physics Laboratory, VSSC（空间物理实验室，VSSC）；Research Centre, University of Kerala（喀拉拉大学研究中心）；Physical Research Laboratory（物理研究实验室）；Rheinisches Institut fur Umweltforschung, Freies Institut fur Planetenforschung（莱茵环境研究所，自由行星研究所）；Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo（东京大学前沿科学研究生院）；Faculty of Science, Kyoto Sangyo University（京都产业大学理学院）
Variation of Venusian Gravity Wave Absolute Momentum Fluxes and Drag as Retrieved from the Akatsuki Mission
Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology（托马斯·杰斐逊科学与技术高中）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, Space Weather Lab, George Mason University（乔治梅森大学物理与天文系、空间天气实验室）；Ionosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere Lab (Code 675), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心电离层-热层-中间层实验室（代码675））
Imaging Venus' surface at night in the near-IR from above its clouds: New analytical models for the effective spatial resolution, illustrated with new Parker Solar Probe data
A study on the contribution of the interplanetary medium in radio occultation experiments
Indian Institute of Technology Indore（印度印多尔理工学院）；Indian Space Research Organization, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre（印度空间研究组织，维克拉姆·萨拉巴hai航天中心）；ISRO Telemetry Tracking and Command Network（印度空间研究组织遥测跟踪与指令网络）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): IX. Assessing the Impact of Clouds on Atmospheric Retrievals at Mid-Infrared Wavelengths with a Venus-Twin Exoplanet
