We report the first Atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array observations of MCG-03-58-007, a local ($z=0.03236\pm0.00002$, this work) AGN ($L_{AGN}\sim10^{45}~\rm erg~s^{-1}$), hosting a powerful X-ray ultra-fast ($v=0.1c$) outflow (UFO). The CO(1-0) line emission is observed across $\sim18\,$kpc scales with a resolution of $\sim 1\,\rm kpc$. About 78\% of the CO(1-0) luminosity traces a galaxy-size rotating disk. However, after subtracting the emission due to such rotating disk, we detect with a S/N=20 a residual emission in the central $\sim 4\,$kpc. Such residuals may trace a low velocity ($v_{LOS}=170\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$) outflow. We compare the momentum rate and kinetic power of such putative molecular outflow with that of the X-ray UFO and find $\dot{P}_{out}/\dot{P}_{UFO}=0.3\pm0.2$ and $\dot{E}_{mol}/\dot{E}_{UFO}\sim4\cdot10^{-3}$. This result is at odds with the energy-conserving scenario suggested by the large momentum boosts measured in some other molecular outflows. An alternative interpretation of the residual CO emission would be a compact rotating structure, distinct from the main disk, which would be a factor of $\sim10-100$ more extended and massive than typical circumnuclear disks revealed in Seyferts. However, in both scenarios, our results rule out the hypothesis of a momentum-boosted molecular outflow in this AGN, despite the presence of a powerful X-ray UFO. [Abridged]
In the last decade, using single epoch (SE) virial based spectroscopic optical observations, it has been possible to measure the black hole (BH) mass on large type 1 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) samples. However this kind of measurements can not be applied on those obscured type 2 and/or low luminosity AGN where the nuclear component does not dominate in the optical. We have derived new SE relationships, based on the FWHM and luminosity of the broad line region component of the Pabeta emission line and/or the hard X-ray luminosity in the 14-195 keV band, which have the prospect of better worki…
The active galaxy MCG--6-30-15 has a 400 pc diameter stellar kinematically distinct core, counter-rotating with respect to the main body of the galaxy. Our previous high spatial resolution (0".1) H-band observations of this galaxy mapped the stellar kinematics and [Fe II] 1.64 μm gas dynamics though mainly restricted to the spatial region of the counter-rotating core. In this work we probe the stellar kinematics on a larger field-of-view and determine the ionised and molecular gas dynamics to study the formation of the counter-rotating core and the implications for AGN fuelling. We present int…
Intensive X-ray/UVOIR continuum reverberation mapping of the Seyfert AGN MCG+08-11-11
University of Portsmouth（朴茨茅斯大学）；Wayne State University（韦恩州立大学）；University of Southampton（南安普顿大学）；Spectral Sciences Inc.（光谱科学公司）；University of St Andrews（圣安德鲁斯大学）；Texas A&M University（德克萨斯农工大学）；Tel Aviv University（特拉维夫大学）；University of Durham（杜伦大学）；Eureka Scientific Inc.（尤里卡科学公司）；Texas Tech University（德克萨斯理工大学）；University of Leicester（莱斯特大学）
Over the course of two flights, the Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) made resolved maps of seven nearby (<25 Mpc) galaxies at 250, 350, and 500 microns. During its June 2005 flight from Sweden, BLAST observed a single nearby galaxy, NGC 4565. During the December 2006 flight from Antarctica, BLAST observed the nearby galaxies NGC 1097, NGC 1291, NGC 1365, NGC 1512, NGC 1566, and NGC 1808. We fit physical dust models to a combination of BLAST observations and other available data for the galaxies observed by Spitzer. We fit a modified blackbody to the remaining galaxi…
The scenario of galaxy formation is believed to follow a structure that builds up from the bottom, with large galaxies being formed by several merging episodes of smaller ones. In this scenario a number of galaxies can be expected to be seen in the merging phase, with their external regions already mixed, while their nuclei, with stronger self-gravitation, are still recognizable as such. During a photometric monitoring of AGNs in the field of a long-exposure INTEGRAL pointing, we serendipitously found an elliptical galaxy in the center of the X-ray cluster (EXO 0422-086) with two nuclei. We pe…
We report the results of a detailed analysis of a deep simultaneous $130\,\rm ks$ \textit{XMM-Newton & NuSTAR} observation of the nearby ($z=0.0315$) and bright ($L_{\rm bol}\sim3\times10^{45}\,\rm erg\,s^{-1}$) starburst-AGN Seyfert\,2 system: MCG--03--58--007. From the broadband fitting we show that most of the obscuration needs to be modeled with a toroidal type reprocessor such as \texttt{MYTorus} \citep{MurphyYaqoob09}. Nonetheless the signature of a powerful disc-wind is still apparent at higher energies and the observed rapid short-term X-ray spectral variability is more likely caused b…
Fast, dust-poor outflows in the local candidate dual AGN MCG-03-34-64 observed with VLT/ERIS
Università di Firenze（佛罗伦萨大学）；INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri（意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台）；Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC–INTA（西班牙国家科学技术研究委员会-国家航空航天技术研究所天体生物学中心）；Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María（费德里科·圣玛丽亚科技大学）
XPE and VLT /FORS2 polarimetry challenge the Seyfert-1.9 classification of MCG-05-23-16
Université de Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Observatoire Astronomique de Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡天文台）；Università degli Studi Roma Tre（罗马三所大学）；Institut d’Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège（列日大学天体物理学与地球物理学研究所）；National Astronomical Observatory of Japan（日本国立天文台）；National Institutes of Natural Sciences（自然科学研究机构）；NASA Marshall Space Flight Center（美国宇航局马歇尔太空飞行中心）；Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences（捷克科学院天文研究所）
By analyzing the X-ray spectrum of MCG-6-30-15 obtained with the HETG spectrometer on board the Chandra Observatory, we identify three kinematically distinct absorption systems; two outflow components intrinsic to MCG-6-30-15, and one local at z = 0. The slow outflow at -100 +/- 50 km s^-1 has a large range of ionization manifested by absorption from 24 different charge states of Fe, which enables a detailed reconstruction of the absorption measure distribution (AMD). This AMD spans five orders of magnitude in ionization parameter: -1.5 < log xi < 3.5 (cgs units), with a total column density o…
NGC 6860, Mrk 915, and MCG -01-24-012. II. Inflowing and outflowing cold molecular gas and the connection with ionized gas in Seyfert galaxies
Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Astronomisches Rechen-Institut（海德堡大学天文中心，天文计算研究所）；Departamento de Astronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul（南里奥格兰德联邦大学天文学系）；Astronomy Department, Universidad de Concepción（康塞普西翁大学天文学系）；Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN-IGN)-Observatorio de Madrid（国家天文台（OAN-IGN）马德里天文台）；Departamento de Física, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria（圣玛丽亚联邦大学物理系，CCNE）；Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA（西班牙国家技术研究委员会-国家航空航天技术研究所天体生物学中心）；Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, University of Turku（图尔库大学芬兰ESO天文学中心）
We present a long (100 ks) Suzaku observation of one of the X-ray brightest AGN, MCG+8-11-11. These data were complemented with the 54-month Swift BAT spectrum, allowing us to perform a broad-band fit in the 0.6-150 keV range. The fits performed in the 0.6-10 keV band give consistent results with respect to a previous XMM-Newton observation, i.e. the lack of a soft excess, warm absorption along the line of sight, a large Compton reflection component (R~1) and the absence of a relativistic component of the neutral iron K$α$ emission line. However, when the PIN and Swift BAT data are included, t…
X-ray reverberation mapping has emerged as a new tool to probe accretion in AGN, providing a potentially powerful probe of accretion at the black hole scale. The lags, along with relativistic spectral signatures are often interpreted in light of the lamp-post model. Focusing specifically on testing the prediction of the relativistic reverberation model, we have targeted several of the brightest Seyfert Galaxies in X-rays with different observing programs. Here, we report the results from two large campaigns with NuSATR targeting MCG-5-23-16 and SWIFT J2127.4+5654 to test the model predictions …
We present long term monitoring of MCG-6-30-15 in X-rays, optical and near-IR wavelengths, collected over five years of monitoring. We determine the power spectrum density of all the observed bands and show that after taking into account the host contamination similar power is observed in the optical and near-IR bands. There is evidence for a correlation between the light curves of the X-ray photon flux and the optical B-band, but it is not possible to determine a lag with certainty, with the most likely value being around zero days. Strong correlation is seen between the optical and near-IR b…
We have carried out an extensive X-ray spectral study of the bare Seyfert-1 galaxy MCG--02--58--22 to ascertain the nature of the X-ray reprocessing media, using observations from Suzaku (2009) and simultaneous observations from XMM-Newton and NuSTAR (2016) . The most significant results of our investigation are: 1. The primary X-ray emission from the corona is constant in these observations, both in terms of the power law slope ($Γ=1.80$) and luminosity ($L_{2-10 \rm keV}= 2.55\times 10^{44} $ erg/s). 2. The soft excess flux decreased by a factor of two in 2016, the Compton hump weakened/vani…
Uncovering New Ionized Winds and Relativistic Hot Outflows in MCG-6-30-15 with \emph{Chandra} HETG and a Bayesian Framework
University of Maryland, College Park（马里兰大学帕克分校）；NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心）；Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, NASA/GSFC (CRESST II)（NASA/GSFC空间科学与技术研究探索中心）；Joint Space-Science Institute（联合空间科学研究所）；Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor（密歇根大学安娜堡分校天文学系）
We present the analysis of the molecular gas in the nuclear regions of NGC 4968, NGC 4845, and MCG-06-30-15, with the help of ALMA observations of the CO(2-1) emission line. The aim is to determine the kinematics of the gas in the central (~ 1 kpc) region. We use the 3D-Based Analysis of Rotating Object via Line Observations ($^{3D}$BAROLO) and DiskFit softwares. Circular motions dominate the kinematics of the gas in the central discs, mainly in NGC 4845 and MCG-06-30-15, however there is a clear evidence of non-circular motions in the central ($\sim$ 1 kpc) region of NGC 4845 and NGC 4968. Th…
AGN exhibit complex hard X-ray spectra. Our current understanding is that the emission is dominated by inverse Compton processes which take place in the corona above the accretion disk, and that absorption and reflection in a distant absorber play a major role. These processes can be directly observed through the shape of the continuum, the Compton reflection hump around 30 keV, and the iron fluorescence line at 6.4 keV. We demonstrate the capabilities of Simbol-X to constrain complex models for cases like MCG-05-23-016, NGC 4151, NGC 2110, and NGC 4051 in short (10 ksec) observations. We comp…
Context. Detailed high resolution studies of AGN with mid-infrared (MIR) interferometry have revealed parsec-sized dust emission elongated in the polar direction in four sources. Aims. Using a larger, coherently analyzed sample of AGN observed with MIR interferometry, we aim to identify elongated mid-infrared emission in a statistical sample of sources. More specifically we wish to determine if there is indeed a preferred direction of the elongation and whether this direction is consistent with a torus-like structure or with a polar emission. Methods. We investigate the significance of the det…
We derive the contribution to the extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) from AGN winds and star-forming galaxies by including a physical model for the gamma-ray emission produced by relativistic protons accelerated by AGN-driven and supernova-driven shocks into a state-of-the-art semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. This is based on galaxy interactions as triggers of AGN accretion and starburst activity and on expanding blast wave as the mechanism to communicate outwards the energy injected into the interstellar medium by the active nucleus. We compare the model predictions with the lat…
We investigate the interaction between active galactic nuclei (AGN) jets and the intracluster medium (ICM) of galaxy clusters. Specifically, we study the efficiency with which jets can drive sound waves into the ICM. Previous works focused on this issue model the jet-ICM interaction as a spherically symmetric explosion, finding that <~ 12.5% of the blast energy is converted into sound waves, even for instantaneous energy injection. We develop a method for measuring sound wave energy in hydrodynamic simulations and measure the efficiency of sound wave driving by supersonic jets in a model ICM. …
Photoionization modeling of certain low-ionization broad absorption lines in quasars implies very compact (Delta R~0.01 pc), galaxy-scale (R kpc) absorbers blueshifted by several 1000 km s^-1. While these are likely signatures of quasar outflows, the lifetimes of such compact absorbers are too short for them to be direct ejecta from a nuclear wind. Instead, I argue that the absorbing clouds must be transient and created in situ. Following arguments detailed by Faucher-Giguere, Quataert, & Murray (2011), I show that a model in which the cool absorbers form in radiative shocks arising when a qua…
We present a unified model for X-ray quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) seen in Narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) galaxies, $γ$-ray and optical band QPOs that are seen in Blazars. The origin of these QPOs is attributed to the plasma motion in corona or jets of these AGN. In the case of X-ray QPOs, we applied the general relativistic precession model for the two simultaneous QPOs seen in NLSy1 1H 0707-945 and deduce orbital parameters, such the radius of the emission region, and spin parameter $a$ for a circular orbit; we obtained the Carter's constant $Q$, $a$, and the radius in the case of a sphe…
We present a combined radio/X-ray analysis of the poorly studied galaxy cluster Abell 2495 (z=0.07923) based on new EVLA and Chandra data. We also analyze and discuss Halpha emission and optical continuum data retrieved from the literature. We find an offset of 6 kpc between the cluster BCG (MCG+02-58-021) and the peak of the X-ray emission, suggesting that the cooling process is not taking place on the central galaxy nucleus. We propose that sloshing of the ICM could be responsible for this separation. Furthermore, we detect a second, 4 kpc offset between the peak of the Halpha emission and t…
We present theoretical models of X-ray variability attributable to orbital signatures from an accretion disk including emission region size, quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) and its quality factor $Q$, and the emergence of a break frequency in the power spectral density shape. We find a fractional variability amplitude of $F_{var}\propto M^{-0.4}_{\bullet}$. We conduct a time series analysis on X-ray light curves ($0.3-10$ keV) of a sample of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). A statistically significant bend frequency is inferred in 9 of 58 light curves (16 %) from 3 AGNs for which the break ti…
We present the first results from an optical reverberation mapping campaign executed in 2014, targeting the active galactic nuclei (AGN) MCG+08-11-011, NGC 2617, NGC 4051, 3C 382, and Mrk 374. Our targets have diverse and interesting observational properties, including a "changing look" AGN and a broad-line radio galaxy. Based on continuum-H$β$ lags, we measure black hole masses for all five targets. We also obtain H$γ$ and He{\sc ii}\,$λ4686$ lags for all objects except 3C 382. The He{\sc ii}\,$λ4686$ lags indicate radial stratification of the BLR, and the masses derived from different emissi…
