arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1905.08892astro-ph.EP
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从半人马座到彗星- 40年

From Centaurs to comets - 40 years

Nuno Peixinho, Audrey Thirouin, Stephen C. Tegler, Romina P. Di Sisto, Audrey Delsanti, Aurélie Guilbert-Lepoutre, James G. Bauer

摘要:

1977年,当Apple II和Atari计算机正在销售时,在一个不方便的轨道上观察到一个小点。小天体1977 UB,被命名为(2060)凯龙星,轨道在土星和天王星之间,成为第一个半人马座,一个新的小天体,轨道大致在木星和海王星之间。观测到的短周期彗星过多导致奥尔特云作为彗星唯一来源的地位下降,并导致对外海王星彗星带的需求上升。半人马座很快被视为柯伊伯带天体(KBO),也被称为海王星外天体(TNO)和彗星族彗星(JFC)之间的过渡阶段。从那时起,人们对半人马座的发现更多:它们可以有彗星活动和爆发,卫星,甚至环。在过去的四十年中,自第一个半人马座发现以来,旋转周期,表面颜色,反射率光谱和反射率已被测量和分析。然而,尽管有如此大量的研究和补充技术,半人马座人口仍然是一个谜,因为他们在许多方面不同于TNO,甚至更不同于JFC。

英文摘要:

In 1977, while Apple II and Atari computers were being sold, a tiny dot was observed in an inconvenient orbit. The minor body 1977 UB, to be named (2060) Chiron, with an orbit between Saturn and Uranus, became the first Centaur, a new class of minor bodies orbiting roughly between Jupiter and Neptune. The observed overabundance of short-period comets lead to the downfall of the Oort Cloud as exclusive source of comets and to the rise of the need for a Trans-Neptunian comet belt. Centaurs were rapidly seen as the transition phase between Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs), also known as Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) and the Jupiter-Family Comets (JFCs). Since then, a lot more has been discovered about Centaurs: they can have cometary activity and outbursts, satellites, and even rings. Over the past four decades since the discovery of the first Centaur, rotation periods, surface colors, reflectivity spectra and albedos have been measured and analyzed. However, despite such a large number of studies and complementary techniques, the Centaur population remains a mystery as they are in so many ways different from the TNOs and even more so from the JFCs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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