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arXiv 1903.04498astro-ph.HEhep-ph
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黑洞候选者MAXI J1813-095在发现爆发期间的多波长光谱学

Multi-wavelength spectroscopy of the black hole candidate MAXI J1813-095 during its discovery outburst

M. Armas Padilla, T. Muñoz-Darias, J. Sánchez-Sierras, B. De Marco, F. Jiménez-Ibarra, J. Casares, J. M. Corral-Santana, M. A. P. Torres

摘要:

MAXI J1813-095是在2018年爆发期间发现的X射线瞬变。我们报告的X射线和光学观测期间获得的事件,这表明该源是一个新的低质量X射线双星。爆发持续了约70天,峰值在Lx(0.5- 10 keV)约7.6 x 10^36 erg s-1,假设距离为8 kpc。覆盖整个活动期的Swift/XRT跟踪表明,X射线发射始终由硬幂律分量主导,光子指数在1.4-1.7范围内。这些值与MAXI J1813-095处于硬态一致,与从唯一可用的XMM-牛顿观测推断的快速变化(0.1-50 Hz)的约30%分数均方根幅度一致。X射线光谱很好地描述了一个康普顿化发射分量加上一个软的,热的分量(kT ~0.2 keV),这几乎没有贡献的总通量(<8%)。康普顿化y参数(~1.5),以及低温和软组分的小贡献支持一个黑洞吸积体。我们还分别在爆发和平静期间使用VLT和GTC望远镜进行了光谱学研究。在这两种情况下,光谱缺乏典型的X射线双星爆发的发射线。相反,我们在吸收中检测到Ca II三重态和H_α。两个历元之间没有速度变化,以及H_alpha等效宽度的演化,强烈地表明光辐射是由一个闯入者控制的,可能是一颗G-K星。这有利于X射线瞬态的距离>3 kpc。

英文摘要:

MAXI J1813-095 is an X-ray transient discovered during an outburst in 2018. We report on X-ray and optical observations obtained during this event, which indicate that the source is a new low-mass X-ray binary. The outburst lasted ~70 d and peaked at Lx(0.5-10keV)~7.6 x 10^36 erg s-1, assuming a distance of 8 kpc. Swift/XRT follow-up covering the whole activity period shows that the X-ray emission was always dominated by a hard power-law component with a photon index in the range of 1.4-1.7. These values are consistent with MAXI J1813-095 being in the hard state, in agreement with the ~30 per cent fractional root-mean-square amplitude of the fast variability (0.1-50 Hz) inferred from the only XMM-Newton observation available. The X-ray spectra are well described by a Comptonization emission component plus a soft, thermal component (kT ~0.2 keV), which barely contributes to the total flux (<8 per cent). The Comptonization y-parameter (~1.5), together with the low temperature and small contribution of the soft component supports a black hole accretor. We also performed optical spectroscopy using the VLT and GTC telescopes during outburst and quiescence, respectively. In both cases the spectrum lack emission lines typical of X-ray binaries in outburst. Instead, we detect the Ca II triplet and H_alpha in absorption. The absence of velocity shifts between the two epochs, as well as the evolution of the H_alpha equivalent width, strongly suggest that the optical emission is dominated by an interloper, likely a G-K star. This favours a distance >3 kpc for the X-ray transient.

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