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arXiv 1409.5035astro-ph.HE
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NuSTAR在Be/X射线双星RX J0520 .5-6932爆发期间发现回旋线

NuSTAR Discovery of a Cyclotron Line in the Be/X-ray Binary RX J0520.5-6932 During Outburst

Shriharsh P. Tendulkar, Felix Fürst, Katja Pottschmidt, Matteo Bachetti, Varun B. Bhalerao, Steven E. Boggs, Finn E. Christensen, William W. Craig, Charles A. H… 展开作者

Shriharsh P. Tendulkar, Felix Fürst, Katja Pottschmidt, Matteo Bachetti, Varun B. Bhalerao, Steven E. Boggs, Finn E. Christensen, William W. Craig, Charles A. Hailey, Fiona A. Harrison, Daniel Stern, John A. Tomsick, Dominic J. Walton, William Zhang

摘要:

我们提出了光谱和时间分析的NuSTAR观测RX J0520.5 $-$ 6932在3-79千电子伏波段收集在2014年1月爆发。目标上观察到两个时代,我们报告的检测回旋共振散射功能的中心能量为$E_\mathrm{CRSF} = 31.3_{-0.7}^{+0.8}$ keV和$31.5_{-0.6}^{+0.7}$ keV,在两个观测期间,分别对应于磁场的$B \approx 2 \times10^{12}$ G。假设标称距离为50千秒差距,在这两个时期内,系统的3-79 keV光度为$3.667\pm0.007\times 10^{38}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$和$3.983\pm0.007\times10^{38}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$。这两个值都比$\approx1.5\times10^{37}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$的临界光度高得多,高于这个临界光度,就可能出现辐射主导的激波阵面。这增加了一个新的对象的稀疏集的三个系统,有一个回旋加速器线观察超过$10^{38}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$的光度。一个广泛的($σ\approx0.45$千电子伏)Fe的发射线观察到在光谱中的$6.58_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$千电子伏的中心能量在这两个时代。脉冲星的脉冲轮廓被观察到是高度不对称的,具有主峰的急剧上升和缓慢下降的轮廓。我们还观察到回旋加速线能量和宽度随旋转相位的微小变化。与其他回旋吸收线源的观测一样,回旋能量变化的峰值与通量变化的峰值之间存在小的相位差($Δϕ\lesssim0.1$)。

英文摘要:

We present spectral and timing analysis of NuSTAR observations of RX J0520.5$-$6932 in the 3-79 keV band collected during its outburst in January 2014. The target was observed on two epochs and we report the detection of a cyclotron resonant scattering feature with central energies of $E_\mathrm{CRSF} = 31.3_{-0.7}^{+0.8}$ keV and $31.5_{-0.6}^{+0.7}$ keV during the two observations, respectively, corresponding to a magnetic field of $B \approx 2 \times10^{12}$ G. The 3-79 keV luminosity of the system during the two epochs assuming a nominal distance of 50 kpc was $3.667\pm0.007\times 10^{38}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$ and $3.983\pm0.007\times10^{38}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$. Both values are much higher than the critical luminosity of $\approx1.5\times10^{37}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$ above which a radiation dominated shock front may be expected. This adds a new object to the sparse set of three systems that have a cyclotron line observed at luminosities in excess of $10^{38}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$. A broad ($σ\approx0.45$ keV) Fe emission line is observed in the spectrum at a central energy of $6.58_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$ keV in both epochs. The pulse profile of the pulsar was observed to be highly asymmetric with a sharply rising and slowly falling profile of the primary peak. We also observed minor variations in the cyclotron line energy and width as a function of the rotation phase.% As in observations of other cyclotron absorption line sources, there is a small ($Δϕ\lesssim0.1$) phase difference between the peak of the cyclotron energy variation and the peak of the flux variation.

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