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arXiv 1902.10213cs.AIcs.CY
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用不确定性估计进行可靠的深部品位预测

Reliable Deep Grade Prediction with Uncertainty Estimation

George Mason University(乔治梅森大学)

Qian Hu, Huzefa Rangwala

摘要:

目前,上大学的学生比他们的父母一代需要更长的时间才能毕业。此外,在美国,六年制毕业率几十年来一直是59%。通过培养能够及时顺利毕业的准备更充分的学生来提高教育质量至关重要。准确预测学生在未来课程中的成绩已经引起了人们的广泛关注,因为它可以帮助早期识别有风险的学生,以便顾问可以及时向他们提供个性化的反馈。以往对学生成绩预测的研究多采用浅层线性模型,然而学生的学习是一个高度复杂的过程,涉及到一系列课程知识的积累,这些线性模型无法充分模拟。除此之外,以前的方法专注于预测准确性,而不考虑预测的不确定性,这对于建议和决策至关重要。在这项工作中,我们提出了两种类型的贝叶斯深度学习模型的成绩预测。MLP忽略了学生知识演变的时间动态性。因此,我们提出RNN用于学生的表现预测。为了评估所提出的模型的性能,我们进行了广泛的实验,从一个大型公立大学收集的数据。实验结果表明,所提出的模型实现了更好的性能比现有的国家的最先进的方法。除了更准确的结果外,贝叶斯深度学习模型还可以估计与预测相关的不确定性。我们探讨如何不确定性估计可以应用于发展一个可靠的教育预警系统。除了不确定性,我们还开发了一种方法来解释预测结果,这是有用的顾问提供个性化的反馈给学生。

英文摘要:

Currently, college-going students are taking longer to graduate than their parental generations. Further, in the United States, the six-year graduation rate has been 59% for decades. Improving the educational quality by training better-prepared students who can successfully graduate in a timely manner is critical. Accurately predicting students' grades in future courses has attracted much attention as it can help identify at-risk students early so that personalized feedback can be provided to them on time by advisors. Prior research on students' grade prediction include shallow linear models; however, students' learning is a highly complex process that involves the accumulation of knowledge across a sequence of courses that can not be sufficiently modeled by these linear models. In addition to that, prior approaches focus on prediction accuracy without considering prediction uncertainty, which is essential for advising and decision making. In this work, we present two types of Bayesian deep learning models for grade prediction. The MLP ignores the temporal dynamics of students' knowledge evolution. Hence, we propose RNN for students' performance prediction. To evaluate the performance of the proposed models, we performed extensive experiments on data collected from a large public university. The experimental results show that the proposed models achieve better performance than prior state-of-the-art approaches. Besides more accurate results, Bayesian deep learning models estimate uncertainty associated with the predictions. We explore how uncertainty estimation can be applied towards developing a reliable educational early warning system. In addition to uncertainty, we also develop an approach to explain the prediction results, which is useful for advisors to provide personalized feedback to students.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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