arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1902.07089astro-ph.EP
收藏

小行星星群的合成:卵石通量调节的小行星形成

Planetesimal Population Synthesis: Pebble Flux Regulated Planetesimal Formation

Christian T. Lenz, Hubert Klahr, Tilman Birnstiel

摘要:

我们提出了一个当地的星子形成率的瞬时径向卵石流量成正比的表达式。这个结果-一个径向的星子分布-可以作为研究行星胚胎形成的初始条件。我们遵循的想法是,需要粒子陷阱,以提高当地的尘埃与气体的比例足够,使粒子气体的相互作用不能再阻止小尺度上的星子形成。这些陷阱的位置可以出现在磁盘的任何地方。它们的发生和寿命是正在进行的研究的主题,因此它们通过自由参数实现。这使我们能够研究盘的性质对星子形成的影响,预测其随时间变化的形成速率和初始卵石吸积的位置。我们发现,大$α$ -值的$0.01$(强湍流)防止形成的星子在磁盘的内部,主张较低的值周围$0.001$(中度湍流),在那里星子形成迅速在所有的地方,他们需要的原行星。当尘埃成长为卵石($\sim\mathrm{mm}$到$\mathrm{dm}$)并且卵石流量达到临界值时,星子就会形成,这在$2-3\,$ AU是几千年后,在$20-30\,$ AU是几十万年后。星子的形成会持续到卵石供应减少到临界值以下。最后的空间微行星的分布比初始的尘埃和气体分布更陡峭,这有助于解释最小质量太阳星云和粘性吸积盘之间的差异。

英文摘要:

We propose an expression for a local planetesimal formation rate proportional to the instantaneous radial pebble flux. The result --- a radial planetesimal distribution --- can be used as initial condition to study the formation of planetary embryos. We follow the idea that one needs particle traps to locally enhance the dust-to-gas ratio sufficiently such that particle gas interactions can no longer prevent planetesimal formation on small scales. The location of these traps can emerge everywhere in the disk. Their occurrence and lifetime is subject of ongoing research, thus they are implemented via free parameters. This enables us to study the influence of the disk properties on the formation of planetesimals, predicting their time dependent formation rates and location of primary pebble accretion. We show that large $α$-values of $0.01$ (strong turbulence) prevent the formation of planetesimals in the inner part of the disk, arguing for lower values of around $0.001$ (moderate turbulence), at which planetesimals form quickly at all places where they are needed for proto-planets. Planetesimals form as soon as dust has grown to pebbles ($\sim\mathrm{mm}$ to $\mathrm{dm}$) and the pebble flux reaches a critical value, which is after a few thousand years at $2-3\,$AU and after a few hundred thousand years at $20-30\,$AU. Planetesimal formation lasts until the pebble supply has decreased below a critical value. The final spatial planetesimal distribution is steeper compared to the initial dust and gas distribution which helps to explain the discrepancy between the minimum mass solar nebula and viscous accretion disks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑