arXiv 1902.066082019-02hep-thhep-ph

弦景观与费米子质量

String Landscape and Fermion Masses

Stefano Andriolo, Shing Yan Li, S. -H. Henry Tye

备注：: 31 pages, 10 figures, significant update made in v4
发表信息：: Phys. Rev. D 101, 066005 (2020)
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevD.101.066005

摘要：

除了弦尺度之外，弦理论除了一些量化的通量值之外没有参数;弦理论景观是通过扫描所有存在的通量参数的离散值来生成的。我们提出物理量$\cal Q$（具有非负维数）的典型（归一化）概率分布$P({\cal Q})$趋于在${\cal Q}=0$处达到峰值（发散），作为弦理论的一个特征。在Racetrack Kähler隆起模型中，宇宙学常数$Λ$的$P(Λ)$在$Λ=0$处急剧达到峰值，当中值$Λ$与观测值相匹配时，电弱标度（不是电弱模型）自然出现。我们检查这个场景的鲁棒性。在一个自下而上的方法，我们发现，所观察到的夸克和带电轻子的质量是一致的相同的概率哲学，与分布$P(m)$，在$m=0$发散，具有相同（或几乎相同）的发散度。这表明标准模型有一个基本的弦理论描述，并产生费米子质量之间的关系，尽管是在概率方法中（与通常意义上的非常不同）。按照这种推理，中微子质量的正常等级显然比反向等级更可取，中微子质量的总和被预测为$\sum m_ν \simeq 0.0592$ eV，上限为$\sum m_ν <0.066$ eV。这说明了弦理论可以应用于粒子物理现象学的一种新方法。

英文摘要：

Besides the string scale, string theory has no parameter except some quantized flux values; and the string theory Landscape is generated by scanning over discrete values of all the flux parameters present. We propose that a typical (normalized) probability distribution $P({\cal Q})$ of a physical quantity $\cal Q$ (with nonnegative dimension) tends to peak (diverge) at ${\cal Q}=0$ as a signature of string theory. In the Racetrack Kähler uplift model, where $P(Λ)$ of the cosmological constant $Λ$ peaks sharply at $Λ=0$, the electroweak scale (not the electroweak model) naturally emerges when the median $Λ$ is matched to the observed value. We check the robustness of this scenario. In a bottom-up approach, we find that the observed quark and charged lepton masses are consistent with the same probabilistic philosophy, with distribution $P(m)$ that diverges at $m=0$, with the same (or almost the same) degree of divergence. This suggests that the Standard Model has an underlying string theory description, and yields relations among the fermion masses, albeit in a probabilistic approach (very different from the usual sense). Along this line of reasoning, the normal hierarchy of neutrino masses is clearly preferred over the inverted hierarchy, and the sum of the neutrino masses is predicted to be $\sum m_ν \simeq 0.0592$ eV, with an upper bound $\sum m_ν <0.066$ eV. This illustrates a novel way string theory can be applied to particle physics phenomenology.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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