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arXiv 1902.05780physics.bio-phcond-mat.softq-bio.BM
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力诱导B-DNA熔融的热力学：单链离散性很重要

Thermodynamics of force-induced B-DNA melting: single-strand discreteness matters

Nikos Theodorakopoulos

备注：
8 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. E 99, 032404, 2019
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摘要：

B-DNA的过度拉伸目前被理解为力诱导的熔化。根据拉伸实验的几何形状，过度拉伸转变的力阈值约为65或110 pN。虽然Rouzina和Bloomfield \cite{RouzinaBloomfield2001a}已经正确地描述了力诱导熔化的机制，但两种力阈值都没有通过理论精确计算。在这项工作中，提出了一个详细的分析力-延伸曲线的基础上，描述的单链DNA的离散Kratky-Porod模型，符合（i）预期的轮廓长度从晶体学确定的单体距离，和（ii）高值的弹性拉伸模量所产生的共价键合。ss-DNA持久长度的估计值$λ= 1.0 $ nm处于目前已知估计值的低端，并反映了部分或完全拉伸状态的固有刚度，其中静电排斥效应预计最小。单链和双链DNA自由能的详细分析提供了过度拉伸力阈值的估计。在无约束几何结构中，预测阈值为64 pN。在约束的几何形状中，在允许熔融态的plectonemic拓扑的熵罚之后，预测的阈值为111 pN。

英文摘要：

Overstretching of B-DNA is currently understood as force-induced melting. Depending on the geometry of the stretching experiment, the force threshold for the overstretching transition is around 65 or 110 pN. Although the mechanisms behind force-induced melting have been correctly described by Rouzina and Bloomfield \cite{RouzinaBloomfield2001a}, neither force threshold has been exactly calculated by theory. In this work, a detailed analysis of the force-extension curve is presented, based on a description of single-stranded DNA in terms of the discrete Kratky-Porod model, consistent with (i) the contour length expected from the crystallographically determined monomer distance, and (ii) a high value of the elastic stretch modulus arising from covalent bonding. The value estimated for the ss-DNA persistence length, $λ= 1.0 $ nm, is at the low end of currently known estimates and reflects the intrinsic stiffness of the partially, or fully stretched state, where electrostatic repulsion effects are expected to be minimal. A detailed analysis of single- and double-stranded DNA free energies provides estimates of the overstretching force thresholds. In the unconstrained geometry, the predicted threshold is 64 pN. In the constrained geometry, after allowing for the entropic penalty of the plectonemic topology of the molten state, the predicted threshold is 111 pN.

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