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arXiv 1902.05490cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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单层磁性薄膜中的反常自旋轨道力矩

Anomalous Spin-Orbit Torques in Magnetic Single-Layer Films

Wenrui Wang, Tao Wang, Vivek P. Amin, Yang Wang, Anil radhakrishnan, Angie Davidson, Shane R. Allen, T. J. Silva, Hendrik Ohldag, Davor Balzar, Barry L. Zink, P… 展开作者

Wenrui Wang, Tao Wang, Vivek P. Amin, Yang Wang, Anil radhakrishnan, Angie Davidson, Shane R. Allen, T. J. Silva, Hendrik Ohldag, Davor Balzar, Barry L. Zink, Paul M. Haney, John Q. Xiao, David G. Cahill, Virginia O. Lorenz, Xin Fan

摘要:

自旋-轨道相互作用(SOI)耦合电荷和自旋传输,从而实现磁化的电控制。SOI诱导传输的一个典型例子是反常霍尔效应(AHE),首次观察到于1880年,其中垂直于磁性膜中磁化的电流在表面上产生电荷积累。在这里,我们报告的观察对应的AHE,我们术语的异常自旋轨道扭矩(ASOT),其中一个电流平行于磁化产生相反的自旋轨道扭矩的表面上的磁性薄膜。我们将ASOT解释为由于在Ni 80 Fe 20中以0.053+/-0.003的效率产生的自旋霍尔电流,与Pt的自旋霍尔角相当。在其他常见的铁磁金属中也观察到类似的效应,包括Co,Ni和Fe。第一性原理计算证实了测量值的数量级。这项工作表明,一个强大的自旋电流与自旋极化横向磁化可以存在于铁磁体,尽管自旋退相。它挑战了目前对磁性/磁性双层膜中自旋-轨道矩的理解,其中磁性层中的电荷-自旋转换在很大程度上被忽略了。

英文摘要:

Spin-orbit interaction (SOI) couples charge and spin transport, enabling electrical control of magnetization. A quintessential example of SOI-induced transport is the anomalous Hall effect (AHE), first observed in 1880, in which an electric current perpendicular to the magnetization in a magnetic film generates charge accumulation on the surfaces. Here we report the observation of a counterpart of the AHE that we term the anomalous spin-orbit torque (ASOT), wherein an electric current parallel to the magnetization generates opposite spin-orbit torques on the surfaces of the magnetic film. We interpret the ASOT as due to a spin-Hall-like current generated with an efficiency of 0.053+/-0.003 in Ni80Fe20, comparable to the spin Hall angle of Pt. Similar effects are also observed in other common ferromagnetic metals, including Co, Ni, and Fe. First principles calculations corroborate the order of magnitude of the measured values. This work suggests that a strong spin current with spin polarization transverse to magnetization can exist in a ferromagnet, despite spin dephasing. It challenges the current understanding of spin-orbit torque in magnetic/nonmagnetic bilayers, in which the charge-spin conversion in the magnetic layer has been largely neglected.

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