量子系统中的热晶体管效应
Thermal transistor effect in quantum systems
摘要：
我们研究了一个由三个相互作用的量子比特组成的量子系统，每个量子比特耦合到一个不同的热库。我们展示了如何设计它以构建类似于电子双极晶体管的量子器件。我们概述了量子位之间的相互作用如何对效应的出现起着至关重要的作用，还将其与控制系统的退相干和耗散机制的系统浴相互作用的特征联系起来。通过与以前的建议相比，这里考虑的模型扩展了晶体管效应出现的参数范围及其对耦合参数的小变化的鲁棒性。此外，我们的模型似乎更现实，并直接连接在量子自旋链和分子纳米磁体领域的可行设置的潜在实现方面。
英文摘要：
We study a quantum system composed of three interacting qubits, each coupled to a different thermal reservoir. We show how to engineer it in order to build a quantum device that is analogous to an electronic bipolar transistor. We outline how the interaction among the qubits plays a crucial role for the appearance of the effect, also linking it to the characteristics of system-bath interactions that govern the decoherence and dissipation mechanism of the system. By comparing with previous proposals, the model considered here extends the regime of parameters where the transistor effect shows up and its robustness with respect to small variations of the coupling parameters. Moreover, our model appears to be more realistic and directly connected in terms of potential implementations to feasible setups in the domain of quantum spin chains and molecular nanomagnets.
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