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arXiv 1901.08147astro-ph.GA
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具有异常丰度的次阻尼Ly $α$吸收体:低红移星系群中气体再循环的证据

A Sub-Damped Ly$α$ Absorber with Unusual Abundances: Evidence of Gas Recycling in a Low-Redshift Galaxy Group

Brenda Frye, David V. Bowen, Todd M. Tripp, Ed Jenkins, Max Pettini, Sara L. Ellison

摘要:

利用哈勃空间望远镜/空间望远镜成像摄谱仪G140 M光谱仪,研究了类星体PG 1543+489($z_{QSO}$ =0.401)光谱中$z$ =0.07489的吸收线系统。视线经过一个边缘在$2L^*$盘星系的$ρ= 66$ kpc范围内,红移相似,但该星系与其他四个在$ρ=160$ kpc范围内的星系属于一个星系群。我们检测到H I [log $N$(H I/ $cm^{-2}$)= 19.12 $\pm$ 0.04]以及N I、Mg II、Si II和Si III,从中我们测量到[N/H] = $-1.0\pm 0.1$的气相丰度。光电离模型表明,氮硅的相对丰度是太阳能,但镁是不足的一个因素的$\approx$ 2。我们还报告了附近星系的空间分辨发射线光谱,并提取了它的旋转曲线。该星系的金属丰度是$\approx 8 \times$高于[N/H]在吸收器,有趣的是,吸收器的速度表明,在$ρ=$ 66千秒差距的气体是与星系的恒星盘共转,可能与流入组件。这些特性表明,这种亚阻尼Ly $α$吸收器系统出现在“冷吸积”流中。然而,吸收体丰度模式是独特的。我们假设气体是从其星系的起源(或者可能是由于潮汐碎片之间的相互作用的星系群)与太阳氮丰度,但随后混合(并稀释)的气体在环星系介质(CGM)或集团。如果气体被束缚在附近的星系,这个系统可能是理论星系模拟预测的气体“再循环”的一个例子。我们的假设是可以用未来的观察来检验的。

英文摘要:

Using Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph G140M spectroscopy, we investigate an absorption-line system at $z$=0.07489 in the spectrum of the quasi-stellar object PG 1543+489 ($z_{QSO}$=0.401). The sightline passes within $ρ= 66$ kpc of an edge-on $2L^*$ disk galaxy at a similar redshift, but the galaxy belongs to a group with four other galaxies within $ρ=160$ kpc. We detect H I [log $N$(H I/$cm^{-2}$) = 19.12$\pm$0.04] as well as N I, Mg II, Si II, and Si III, from which we measure a gas-phase abundance of [N/H] = $-1.0\pm 0.1$. Photoionization models indicate that the nitrogen-to-silicon relative abundance is solar, yet magnesium is underabundant by a factor of $\approx$ 2. We also report spatially resolved emission-line spectroscopy of the nearby galaxy, and we extract its rotation curve. The galaxy's metallicity is $\approx 8 \times$ higher than [N/H] in the absorber, and interestingly, the absorber velocities suggest that the gas at $ρ=$ 66 kpc is corotating with the galaxy's stellar disk, possibly with an inflow component. These characteristics could indicate that this sub-damped Ly$α$ absorber system arises in a "cold-accretion" flow. However, the absorber abundance patterns are peculiar. We hypothesize that the gas was ejected from its galaxy of origin (or perhaps is a result of tidal debris from interactions between the group galaxies) with a solar nitrogen abundance, but that subsequently mixed with (and was diluted by) gas in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) or group. If the gas is bound to the nearby galaxy, this system may be an example of the gas "recycling" predicted by theoretical galaxy simulations. Our hypothesis is testable with future observations.

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