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arXiv 1901.04620cs.CRcs.DC
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以太坊中的自私挖矿

Selfish Mining in Ethereum

Jianyu Niu, Chen Feng

摘要:

作为市值第二大的加密货币和当今最大的运行智能合约的去中心化平台,以太坊受到了业界和学术界的广泛关注。然而,目前对它的挖掘策略的安全性的研究很少,特别是从自私挖掘的角度。本文旨在通过分析以太坊中的自私挖矿并了解其潜在威胁来填补这一研究空白。首先,我们引入了一个二维马尔可夫过程来模拟自私挖掘策略的行为,该策略受到Eyal和Sirer提出的比特币挖掘策略的启发。其次,我们推导出马尔可夫模型的平稳分布,并计算长期平均采矿回报。这使我们能够确定计算能力的阈值,使自私的挖掘在以太坊中有利可图。我们发现这个阈值低于比特币挖矿的阈值(Eyal和Sirer发现的阈值为25%),这表明以太坊比比特币更容易受到自私挖矿的影响。

英文摘要:

As the second largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization and today's biggest decentralized platform that runs smart contracts, Ethereum has received much attention from both industry and academia. Nevertheless, there exist very few studies about the security of its mining strategies, especially from the selfish mining perspective. In this paper, we aim to fill this research gap by analyzing selfish mining in Ethereum and understanding its potential threat. First, we introduce a 2-dimensional Markov process to model the behavior of a selfish mining strategy inspired by a Bitcoin mining strategy proposed by Eyal and Sirer. Second, we derive the stationary distribution of our Markov model and compute long-term average mining rewards. This allows us to determine the threshold of computational power that makes selfish mining profitable in Ethereum. We find that this threshold is lower than that in Bitcoin mining (which is 25% as discovered by Eyal and Sirer), suggesting that Ethereum is more vulnerable to selfish mining than Bitcoin.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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