涡旋与Q球的二维孤子系统
A two-dimensional soliton system of vortex and Q-ball
摘要：
考虑了描述两个复标量场通过一个共同的阿贝尔规范场相互作用的（2 + 1）维规范场模型。结果表明，该模型有一个孤立子的解决方案，描述了一个系统组成的漩涡和Q球。这个二维系统是电中性的，然而它具有非零的电场。此外，孤子系统具有量子化的磁通量和非零的角动量。本文用解析和数值方法研究了这个涡旋-Q球系统的性质。研究发现，该系统结合了拓扑孤子和非拓扑孤子的性质。
英文摘要：
The (2 + 1)-dimensional gauge model describing two complex scalar fields that interact through a common Abelian gauge field is considered. It is shown that the model has a soliton solution that describes a system consisting of a vortex and a Q-ball. This two-dimensional system is electrically neutral, nevertheless it possesses a nonzero electric field. Moreover, the soliton system has a quantized magnetic flux and a nonzero angular momentum. Properties of this vortex-Q-ball system are investigated by analytical and numerical methods. It is found that the system combines properties of topological and nontopological solitons.
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