越来越多的科学家在不同的主题之间转换
Increasing trend of scientists to switch between topics
摘要：
我们分析了单个科学家的出版记录，旨在量化科学家的主题转换动态及其影响。对于每一位科学家，她的出版物之间的关系是通过共享的参考。我们发现，一个科学家的论文的共同引用网络表现出一个明确的社区结构，每个主要的社区代表一个研究主题。我们的分析表明，科学家倾向于有一个狭窄的主题数量分布。然而，现在的研究人员比早期的研究人员更频繁地切换主题。我们还发现，在职业生涯早期（<12年）的高转换概率与低的整体生产率，而它与高的整体生产率在后期的职业生涯。然而，有趣的是，在所有职业生涯阶段，每篇论文的平均引用与转换概率呈负相关。我们提出了一个模型的开发和探索机制，可以解释的主要观察到的功能。
英文摘要：
We analyze the publication records of individual scientists, aiming to quantify the topic switching dynamics of scientists and its influence. For each scientist, the relations among her publications are characterized via shared references. We find that the co-citing network of the papers of a scientist exhibits a clear community structure where each major community represents a research topic. Our analysis suggests that scientists tend to have a narrow distribution of the number of topics. However, researchers nowadays switch more frequently between topics than those in the early days. We also find that high switching probability in early career (<12y) is associated with low overall productivity, while it is correlated with high overall productivity in latter career. Interestingly, the average citation per paper, however, is in all career stages negatively correlated with the switching probability. We propose a model with exploitation and exploration mechanisms that can explain the main observed features.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
