成为更好的自己：研究方向变化与科研绩效变化之间的相关性
Become a better you: correlation between the change of research direction and the change of scientific performance
AI总结：
基于物理学领域超1.4万名作者的发表记录，研究发现研究方向变化与科学影响力增长显著正相关，但与产出率变化无关，为科学家职业发展提供了新视角。
摘要：
探索科学家如何决定其研究议程以及相应的后果具有重要意义，因为他们的决策共同塑造了当代科学。已有研究关注采用不同选题策略的个体的整体表现。在此，我们提出一个略有不同但相对未被探索的问题：科学家研究议程的变化与其科研绩效的变化之间如何关联。利用物理学领域超过14,000位作者的发表记录，我们定量测量了个体研究方向变化的程度和绩效变化的程度。我们发现方向变化与影响力变化之间存在强正相关关系。方向变化较大的科学家不仅更有可能产出与过去相比科学影响力提升的成果，而且其科学影响力的增长率也更高。另一方面，方向变化与产出率变化无关。停留在熟悉主题中的人并不比那些冒险进入新领域并立足其中的人发表得更快。本工作中对研究方向的度量与研究议程的多样性以及主题之间的切换概率不相关，从而从一个新的视角刻画个体职业生涯的演变。尽管这一发现不可避免地受到生存偏差的影响，但它为个体科学家职业发展中的一系列问题提供了启示。
英文摘要：
It is important to explore how scientists decide their research agenda and the corresponding consequences, as their decisions collectively shape contemporary science. There are studies focusing on the overall performance of individuals with different problem choosing strategies. Here we ask a slightly different but relatively unexplored question: how is a scientist's change of research agenda associated with her change of scientific performance. Using publication records of over 14,000 authors in physics, we quantitatively measure the extent of research direction change and the performance change of individuals. We identify a strong positive correlation between the direction change and impact change. Scientists with a larger direction change not only are more likely to produce works with increased scientific impact compared to their past ones, but also have a higher growth rate of scientific impact. On the other hand, the direction change is not associated with productivity change. Those who stay in familiar topics do not publish faster than those who venture out and establish themselves in a new field. The gauge of research direction in this work is uncorrelated with the diversity of research agenda and the switching probability among topics, capturing the evolution of individual careers from a new point of view. Though the finding is inevitably affected by the survival bias, it sheds light on a range of problems in the career development of individual scientists.
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