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arXiv 1811.04495gr-qc
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史瓦西球附近的能量动量张量和度规

Energy-momentum tensor and metric near the Schwarzschild sphere

Valentina Baccetti, Robert B. Mann, Sebastian Murk, Daniel R. Terno

摘要:

坍缩体视界半径$r_g$的规则性限制了它附近球对称能量动量张量的极限形式,它的非零极限属于四种类型之一,这四种类型仅由两个符号区分。因此,在接近$r_g$时,几何形状总是可以用质量增加或减少的传入或传出Vaidya度规来描述。如果根据一个遥远的外部观察者,捕获区域在有限时间内形成,那么爱因斯坦方程意味着零能量条件的违反。在这种情况下,视界半径和它的变化率决定了它附近的度规,超曲面$r = r_g(t)$在俘获区的膨胀和收缩期间都是类时的。我们提出了这些结果的防火墙悖论的影响,并讨论了参数,所需的违反零能量条件是不兼容的标准分析黑洞蒸发。

英文摘要:

Regularity of the horizon radius $r_g$ of a collapsing body constrains a limiting form of a spherically-symmetric energy-momentum tensor near it. Its non-zero limit belongs to one of four classes that are distinguished only by two signs. As a result, close to $r_g$ the geometry can always be described by either an ingoing or outgoing Vaidya metric with increasing or decreasing mass. If according to a distant outside observer the trapped regions form in finite time, then the Einstein equations imply violation of the null energy condition. In this case the horizon radius and its rate of change determine the metric in its vicinity, and the hypersurface $r = r_g(t)$ is timelike during both the expansion and contraction of the trapped region. We present the implications of these results for the firewall paradox and discuss arguments that the required violation of the null energy condition is incompatible with the standard analysis of black hole evaporation.

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