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arXiv 1810.03334cond-mat.mes-hall
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分级无序硅纳米结构中声子输运的Monte Carlo模拟

Monte Carlo phonon transport simulations in hierarchically disordered silicon nanostructures

Dhritiman Chakraborty, Samuel Foster, Neophytos Neophytou

摘要:

分级材料纳米结构被认为是高性能热电材料的一个非常有前途的方向。在这项工作中,我们研究的热输运分层纳米结构的硅。我们认为,通过使用Monte Carlo方法求解玻尔兹曼输运方程,在有序和随机的位置和尺寸下排列的纳米晶体和纳米孔的组合存在。结果表明,当平均晶粒尺寸小于平均声子平均自由程时,纳米晶晶界对热导率的影响更为显著,而孔隙的引入则进一步降低了热导率。然而,当孔径和位置随机化时,其效果显著更严重,因为随机化导致沿着声子传输方向的较高孔隙率区域,这引入了显著的热阻。我们表明,随机化作为一个大的增加,在整体有效孔隙度。使用我们的模拟,我们表明,现有的紧凑的纳米晶和纳米多孔理论模型准确地描述均匀的纳米结构条件下的热导率,但高估了它在随机几何形状。我们提出了这些模型的扩展,准确地预测随机纳米多孔材料的热导率仅基于几个几何特征。最后,我们表明,新推出的紧凑型模型可以使用Matthiessens规则结合散射从不同的几何特征在大约10%的精度。

英文摘要:

Hierarchical material nanostructuring is considered to be a very promising direction for high performance thermoelectric materials. In this work we investigate thermal transport in hierarchically nanostructured silicon. We consider the combined presence of nanocrystallinity and nanopores, arranged under both ordered and randomized positions and sizes, by solving the Boltzmann transport equation using the Monte Carlo method. We show that nanocrystalline boundaries degrade the thermal conductivity more drastically when the average grain size becomes smaller than the average phonon mean free path. The introduction of pores degrades the thermal conductivity even further. Its effect, however, is significantly more severe when the pore sizes and positions are randomized, as randomization results in regions of higher porosity along the phonon transport direction, which introduce significant thermal resistance. We show that randomization acts as a large increase in the overall effective porosity. Using our simulations, we show that existing compact nanocrystalline and nanoporous theoretical models describe thermal conductivity accurately under uniform nanostructured conditions, but overestimate it in randomized geometries. We propose extensions to these models that accurately predict the thermal conductivity of randomized nanoporous materials based solely on a few geometrical features. Finally, we show that the new compact models introduced can be used within Matthiessens rule to combine scattering from different geometrical features within approximately 10 per cent accuracy.

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