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arXiv 1809.04450q-bio.PEq-bio.QM
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具有改进闭包的两两模型中快速变量确定流行阈值

Fast variables determine the epidemic threshold in the pairwise model with an improved closure

István Z. Kiss, Joel C. Miller, Péter L. Simon

摘要:

成对模型被广泛用于网络上的流行病传播模型。这些措施包括定期网络和扩展SIS动态和接触跟踪上表现出程度的异质性,定向和/或加权链接和聚类的易感染的,感染的,删除(SIR)流行病的建模。然而,疾病动力学或网络的额外特征导致系统大小的增加,并且分析易处理性变得有问题。可以使用各种“闭包”来保持系统的易处理性。集中在SIR流行病的定期,但集群网络,我们表明,即使是最复杂的封闭,我们可以确定的流行病阈值作为一个渐近展开的聚类coefficients.We这样做,利用存在一个系统的快速变量,指定的相关性结构的流行病,其稳定状态决定的流行病阈值。虽然我们没有找到稳定状态的分析,我们创建了一个优雅的渐近expansion. We验证这个新的阈值,通过比较它的数值解的完整系统,并发现在很大范围内的聚类系数,传输率和网络的平均度的值很好的协议。该技术适用于具有其他闭包的成对模型[1],我们注意到流行阈值将依赖于模型。这强调了在处理实际爆发时模型选择的重要性。

英文摘要:

Pairwise models are used widely to model epidemic spread on networks. These include the modelling of susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) epidemics on regular networks and extensions to SIS dynamics and contact tracing on more exotic networks exhibiting degree heterogeneity, directed and/or weighted links and clustering. However, extra features of the disease dynamics or of the network lead to an increase in system size and analytical tractability becomes problematic. Various `closures' can be used to keep the system tractable. Focusing on SIR epidemics on regular but clustered networks, we show that even for the most complex closure we can determine the epidemic threshold as an asymptotic expansion in terms of the clustering coefficient.We do this by exploiting the presence of a system of fast variables, specified by the correlation structure of the epidemic, whose steady state determines the epidemic threshold. While we do not find the steady state analytically, we create an elegant asymptotic expansion of it. We validate this new threshold by comparing it to the numerical solution of the full system and find excellent agreement over a wide range of values of the clustering coefficient, transmission rate and average degree of the network. The technique carries over to pairwise models with other closures [1] and we note that the epidemic threshold will be model dependent. This emphasises the importance of model choice when dealing with realistic outbreaks.

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