The beam energy dependence of $v_4$ (the quadrupole moment of the transverse radial flow) is sensitive to the nuclear equation of state (EoS) in mid-central Au + Au collisions at the energy range of $3 < \sqrt{s_{NN}} < 30$ GeV, which is investigated within the hadronic transport model JAM. Different equations of state, namely, a free hadron gas, a first-order phase transition and a crossover are compared. An enhancement of $v_4$ at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\approx 6$ GeV is predicted for an EoS with a first-order phase transition. This enhanced $v_4$ flow is driven by both the enhancement of $v_2$ as well as the positive contribution to $v_4$ from the squeeze-out of spectator particles which turn into participants due to the admixture of the strong collective flow in the shocked, compressed nuclear matter.
Supernova matter at subnuclear densities as a resonant Fermi gas: Enhancement of neutrino rates
在低能量下,核子-核子相互作用是共振的,因此超新星物质在亚核密度下与原子气体有许多相似之处,其相互作用由费什巴赫共振主导。我们计算的速率中微子过程涉及核子核子碰撞,并表明,这些都是增强的中子和质子的混合物在亚核密度由于大的散射长度。因此,中微子对韧致辐射和吸收的速率在10^{13} g cm^{-3}以下时比超新星模拟中使用的速率要大得多。
Shadows of Relic Neutrino Masses and Spectra on Highest Energy GZK Cosmic Rays
The Ultra High Energy (UHE) neutrino scattering onto relic cosmic neutrinos in galactic and local halos offers an unique way to overcome GZK cut-off. The UHE nu secondary of UHE photo-pion decays may escape the GZK cut-off and travel on cosmic distances hitting local light relic neutrinos clustered in dark halos. The Z resonant production and the competitive W^+W^-, ZZ pair production define a characteristic imprint on hadronic consequent UHECR spectra. This imprint keeps memory both of the primary UHE nu spectra as well as of the possible relic neutrino masses values, energy spectra and relic…