arXiv 1809.040242018-09-12nucl-thhep-phnucl-ex

重离子碰撞中热冻结轻核的产生

Production of Light Nuclei at Thermal Freezeout in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Xinyuan Xu, Ralf Rapp

备注：: 5 pages, 7 figures, v2: "Note added" corrected
DOI：: 10.1140/epja/i2019-12757-7

摘要：

我们重新讨论了在超相对论性重离子碰撞中产生轻原子核的问题。虽然它们的生产系统是很好地产生的强子化学冻结在QCD伪临界温度附近的温度，他们的几个兆电子伏的每个核子的小结合能表明，他们不能在这些条件下生存的束缚态。在这里，我们采用的概念，有效的化学势的强子演化从化学到热冻结（在典型的$T_{\rm fo}$ $\simeq$ 100\，MeV），其中，尽管频繁的弹性重散射在强子物质，保存有效数量的粒子是稳定的强相互作用下，最显着的π介子，K介子和核子。事实证明，反重子建立的大化学势导致在热冻结时形成的轻核和反核的热丰度，这基本上与化学冻结时评估的结果一致。连同它们的横向动量光谱，这也表明了动力学冻结附近的$T_{\rm fo}$，这提供了一个自然的解释，其生产系统学，而无需假设他们的生存在高温下。

英文摘要：

We revisit the problem of the production of light atomic nuclei in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. While their production systematics is well produced by hadro-chemical freezeout at temperatures near the QCD pseudo-critical temperature, their small binding energies of a few MeV per nucleon suggest that they cannot survive as bound states under these conditions. Here, we adopt the concept of effective chemical potentials in the hadronic evolution from chemical to thermal freezeout (at typically $T_{\rm fo}$$\simeq$100\,MeV), which, despite frequent elastic rescatterings in hadronic matter, conserves the effective numbers of particles which are stable under strong interactions, most notably pions, kaons and nucleons. It turns out that the large chemical potentials that build up for antibaryons result in thermal abundances of light nuclei and antinuclei, formed at thermal freezeout, which essentially agree with the ones evaluated at chemical freezeout. Together with their transverse-momentum spectra, which also indicate a kinetic freezeout near $T_{\rm fo}$, this provides a natural explanation for their production systematics without postulating their survival at high temperatures.

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