发表机构
Universitat de Barcelona; LIP - Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas; Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa; Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo; Instituto Universitario de Ciencias y Tecnologías Espaciales de Asturias (ICTEA); Center for Theoretical Physics — A Leinweber Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; InQubator for Quantum Simulation, Department of Physics, University of Washington（巴塞罗那大学; 粒子物理与实验仪器实验室; 里斯本大学高等理工学院物理系; 奥维耶多大学物理系; 阿斯图里亚斯太空科技大学研究所; 麻省理工学院莱因韦伯理论物理中心; 华盛顿大学量子模拟创新中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
开发高效尾流程序，利用线性化流体动力学模板，快速计算重离子碰撞中喷注尾流产生的强子分布，显著提升计算效率并改善软组分描述。
AI 中文摘要
我们发展了一种高效尾流（Efficient Wake）程序，用于计算重离子碰撞中源自喷注尾流的强子分布——即夸克-胶子等离子体液滴对高能部分子在其中传播时沉积的能量和动量的流体动力学响应。该程序利用线性化流体动力学的线性性质，并考虑了纵向膨胀和横向径向流对尾流流体动力学演化及冻结超曲面上最终粒子产生的影响。它反复使用在无横向流的Bjorken流背景中线性化流体动力学的模板解，这些模板只需计算一次，并通过适当的旋转和洛伦兹boost将模板中的涨落映射到冻结超曲面某点的涨落，从而纳入径向流的影响。我们通过将该程序的结果与完整的(3+1)维非线性流体动力学计算结果进行比较来对其进行基准测试，发现两者合理一致，并且发现我们的高效尾流程序对源自喷注尾流的强子分布的描述远优于混合模型中采用的较旧的过度简化程序。此外，高效尾流程序计算效率高：它比完整的非线性流体动力学计算至少快数万倍。因此，我们预期当我们的新程序在蒙特卡洛分析中（例如在混合模型中）用于重离子碰撞中的喷注分析时，将大大改善许多喷注和喷注子结构观测量相对于实验数据的软组分描述。
英文摘要
We develop an Efficient Wake procedure for computing the distribution of hadrons originating from jet wakes in heavy ion collisions - the hydrodynamic response of a droplet of quark-gluon plasma to the energy and momentum deposited in it by high-energy partons propagating through it. The procedure employs the linearity of linearized hydrodynamics and takes account of the effects of both longitudinal expansion and transverse radial flow on the hydrodynamic evolution of the wakes and on the resulting particle production at the freezeout hypersurface. It makes repeated use of template solutions to linearized hydrodynamics in a Bjorken flow background with no transverse flow, templates that need only be computed once, and uses suitable rotations and boosts to map fluctuations from these templates to fluctuations at a point on the freezeout hypersurface in a way that incorporates the effects of the radial flow. We benchmark this procedure by comparing its results to results obtained from full $(3+1)$-dimensional nonlinear hydrodynamics calculations, find reasonable agreement, and find that our Efficient Wake procedure yields a much better description of the distribution of hadrons originating from jet wakes than does the older oversimplified procedure employed in the Hybrid Model. And, the Efficient Wake procedure is computationally efficient: it is at least tens of thousands of times faster than full nonlinear hydrodynamics calculations. Hence, we anticipate that when our new procedure is implemented in Monte Carlo analyses of jets in heavy ion collisions, for example in the Hybrid Model, it will greatly improve the description of the soft component of many jet and jet substructure observables as compared to experimental data.
Comments62 pages, 7 figures
