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arXiv 1809.01758quant-phphysics.atm-clus
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利用里德伯原子自旋回波实现精确的量子逻辑门

Accurate Quantum Logic Gates by Spin Echo in Rydberg Atoms

Xiao-Feng Shi

摘要:

可扩展的量子计算基于可实现的精确量子门。对于中性原子而言,设计一个高保真度的双量子比特纠缠门,而不诉诸于诸如整形激光脉冲或将原子冷却到运动基态等困难技术,是一个突出的挑战。利用自旋回波抑制封锁误差,提出了一种易于实现的高本征保真度相位可控里德堡量子门。在自旋回波的背景下,我们表明,传统的里德堡门的基本封锁错误,$ε\sim10^{-3}$的顺序,实际上是从两个"顺时针"旋转拉比频率$\barΩ_\pm=V\pm \sqrt{V^2+Ω^2}$的结果。在我们的"回声"序列中,通过增加两个具有频率$-\barΩ_\pm$的"反方向"旋转,可以将这样的误差抑制到$ε^2$的量级。随着阻塞误差的有效消除,由里德伯态衰减引起的误差成为门精度的最终基本限制,原则上,可以将其降低到$10^{-5}$的水平以上。此外,由于在"回波"过程中涉及的少量$ε$,自旋回波门对于由量子比特的漂移引起的里德堡阻塞的变化是鲁棒的,使得即使对于仅冷却到亚mK状态的量子比特,它仍然可以比传统的里德堡门精确得多。

英文摘要:

Scalable quantum computing is based on realizable accurate quantum gates. For neutral atoms, it is an outstanding challenge to design a high-fidelity two-qubit entangling gate without resorting to difficult techniques like shaping laser pulses or cooling atoms to motional ground states. By using spin echo to suppress the blockade error, we propose an easily realizable controlled-phase Rydberg quantum gate of high intrinsic fidelity. In the context of spin echo, we show that the fundamental blockade error of the traditional Rydberg gate, on the order of $ε\sim10^{-3}$, actually results from two `clockwise' rotations of Rabi frequencies $\barΩ_\pm=V\pm \sqrt{V^2+Ω^2}$. In our `echo' sequence, such an error can be suppressed to the order of $ε^2$ by adding two `anticlockwise' rotations with frequencies $-\barΩ_\pm$. With the blockade error effectively removed, the error caused by Rydberg state decay becomes the final fundamental limit to the gate accuracy, which in principle, can be reduced beyond the level of $10^{-5}$. Furthermore, due to the small population $ε$ involved in the `echo' process, the spin-echo gate is robust against the variation of Rydberg blockade caused by the drift of the qubits, so that it can still be much more accurate than that of a traditional Rydberg gate even for qubits cooled only to the sub-mK regime.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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