通过梯度回波记忆协议实现里德堡自旋波的复用存储和相互作用
Multiplexed storage and interaction of Rydberg spinwaves via the gradient echo memory protocol
AI总结：
研究里德堡激发与GEM协议集成受运动去相阻碍的问题，提出新型多光子寻址和接口方案，通过特定驱动场延长里德堡自旋波寿命，实现多模量子存储器中长寿命自旋波的存储、操纵及相互作用控制，为相关应用提供途径。
AI中文摘要：
集体里德堡激发为量子信息处理、传感和非线性量子光学提供了强大且可控的相互作用。然而，由于大自旋波波矢导致的快速运动去相，其与时间或光谱复用方案（如梯度回波记忆（GEM）协议）的集成受到阻碍。我们展示了一种新型多光子寻址和接口方案（能级呈字母Ń形状），能以近零动量转移产生集体里德堡激发，将里德堡自旋波寿命延长近十倍。该方案依赖于两个以魔角排列的额外非共振驱动场，形成封闭波矢环，同时与GEM诱导的非均匀展宽兼容。这使得在多模量子存储器中存储和操纵长寿命里德堡自旋波成为可能。利用相邻里德堡态之间的微波耦合，我们可以通过相互作用诱导的衰减控制存储激发模式之间的衰减，并展示检索光信号的相互作用控制衍射。我们的结果重新建立了里德堡激发与GEM之间的兼容性，为具有可控长程相互作用的多模量子存储器以及在量子网络、传感和量子信息处理中的应用提供了一条途径。
英文摘要：
Collective Rydberg excitations offer strong and controllable interactions for quantum information processing, sensing, and nonlinear quantum optics, but their integration with temporally or spectrally multiplexed schemes, such as the Gradient Echo Memory (GEM) protocol, is hindered by rapid motional dephasing caused by the large spinwave wavevector. We demonstrate a new type of multi-photon addressing and interfacing scheme (with levels following the shape of the letter Ń) that allows us to generate collective Rydberg excitations with near-zero momentum transfer, extending the Rydberg spinwave lifetime almost tenfold. The scheme relies on two additional off-resonant driving fields arranged at a magic angle, forming a closed wavevector loop while remaining compatible with GEM-induced inhomogeneous broadening. This enables storage and manipulation of long-lived Rydberg spinwaves in a multimode quantum memory. Using microwave coupling between neighboring Rydberg states, we can control the attenuation between stored excitation modes by interaction-induced decay and demonstrate interaction-controlled diffraction of a retrieved optical signal. Our results reestablish compatibility between Rydberg excitations and GEM, providing a route toward multimode quantum memories with controllable long-range interactions and applications in quantum networking, sensing, and quantum information processing.
