本文用第一性原理研究了非晶氮化硅($a$ -Si $_3$ N $_4$)中振动模的局域化性质。我们的研究进一步证实,在氮化硅的红外光谱中,在$\sim$ 471 cm $^{-1}$处的峰的振动模式主要由垂直于由三个Si最近邻定义的平面的方向上的氮运动组成。在$\sim$ 700 cm $^{-1}$以上,N-Si键的面内拉伸变得主要。特别地,在825 cm $^{-1}$处的红外峰下的振动模式由N-Si键拉伸运动产生。如果N-N同极键存在,我们表明,N-N键拉伸发生以上$\sim$ 1100厘米$^{-1}$。此外,我们还通过计算振动模的逆参与比(IPR)和相商,研究了振动模的局域化特性。从这一分析中,我们推断,模式以上600 cm $^{-1}$显示出逐步增加的本地化程度和光学行为,特别是超过1000 cm $^{-1}$。在大约650 cm $^{-1}$处,考虑到相当大的IPR值,并且基于对NSi $_3$单元的硅呼吸式运动的投影分析,我们认为振动模式可能涉及相邻SiN $_4$四面体的相关运动。
英文摘要:
We present a first-principles investigation of the localization properties of vibrational modes in amorphous silicon nitride ($a$-Si$_3$N$_4$). Our investigation further confirms that the vibrational modes underlying the peak at $\sim$471 cm$^{-1}$ in the infrared spectrum of silicon nitride mainly consist of nitrogen motion in the direction normal to the plane defined by the three Si nearest neighbors. In-plane stretching of N--Si bonds becomes largely dominant above $\sim$700 cm$^{-1}$. In particular vibrational modes underlying the infrared peak at 825 cm$^{-1}$ arise from the N--Si bond stretching motions. If N--N homopolar bonds were present, we show that N--N bond stretching occurs above $\sim$1100 cm$^{-1}$. Furthermore, we investigate the localization properties of vibrational modes by calculating their inverse participation ratio (IPR) and phase quotient. From this analysis we infer that modes above 600 cm$^{-1}$ shows a progressive increase of the localization degree and optic-like behavior, especially above 1000 cm$^{-1}$. At about 650 cm$^{-1}$, given the considerable IPR value, and on the basis of projectional analysis on silicon-breathing-like motions of the NSi$_3$ units, we suggest that vibrational modes may involve correlated motions of neighboring SiN$_4$ tetrahedra.
Structural, Energetic, Electronic, and Vibrational Properties of Boron-Substituted Tungsten Clusters
University of Mumbai(孟买大学);Chikitsak Samuha’s Sir Satam and Lady Shantabai Patkar College of Arts and Science(Chikitsak Samuha's Sir Satam 和 Lady Shantabai Patkar 文理学院);V.P. Varde College of Commerce and Economics(V.P. Varde 商业与经济学院)
Vibrational assignments and line shapes in inelastic tunnelling spectroscopy: H on Cu(100)
计算研究了扫描隧道显微镜(STM)结中单个氢原子在Cu(100)面上两个振动模的非弹性电子隧道谱(IETS)。本研究在密度泛函理论计算和STM-IETS的Lorente-Escherson理论的框架内解决了IETS中观察到的峰的振动分配和线形的关键问题。我们认为,在STM-IETS中只观察到一个单一的宽峰[L. J. Lauhon和W. Ho,Phys. Rev. Lett. 85,4566(2000)]不是由两种模式之一的非弹性和弹性振动贡献之间的任何对称限制或任何抵消引起的,而是由于由相当大的仪器加宽和模式之间窄的振动能量分离引起的两种模式的贡献的强烈重叠叠加。特别是,我们发现,这种扩大和大的不对称性的振动线的形状引起大量的表观振动能量的变化的两个模式,并减少其表观能量分离。