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arXiv 1809.00601astro-ph.HE
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作为耀变体TXS 0506+056中微子爆发解释的喷流-云/星相互作用

Jet-cloud/star interaction as an interpretation of neutrino outburst from the blazar TXS 0506+056

Kai Wang, Ruo-Yu Liu, Zhuo Li, Xiang-Yu Wang, Zi-Gao Dai

摘要:

通过对冰立方$9.5$年数据的研究,在2014年9月至2015年3月之间从耀变体TXS 0506+056发现了一次中微子爆发,而耀变体在爆发期间处于静止状态,伽马射线通量仅为中微子通量的五分之一。在这项工作中,我们给出了一个可能的解释的异常功能,提出中微子爆发起源于之间的相互作用的相对论性喷流和致密的气体云形成的潮汐被破坏的信封红巨星被吹开的冲击喷流。强子核相互作用产生的γ射线光子和电子/正电子对将相应地诱发电磁级联,使云电离和热化。来自喷流-星云/恒星相互作用的电磁辐射主要是由能量相对较低的相对论质子贡献的,这些质子由于磁偏转而在星云内部的扩散区中传播,而观测到的高能中微子($\gtrsim 100\,\rm TeV$)则是由能量相对较高的质子产生的,这些质子由于磁偏转较弱而能够保持束流状态,从而产生比电磁辐射高得多的中微子通量。中微子爆发期间观测到的低能电磁辐射与源静止状态下的辐射几乎相同,因此它可能主要与一般静止状态下的辐射一样产生。因此,由于密集云的侵入,中微子爆发是可以预期的,同时,伴随的强子过程的电磁辐射不会导致耀变体的电磁通量的任何增强。

英文摘要:

A neutrino outburst between September 2014 and March 2015 was discovered from the blazar TXS 0506+056 by an investigation of $9.5$ years of IceCube data, while the blazar was in a quiescent state during the outburst with a gamma-ray flux only about one-fifth of the neutrino flux. In this work, we give a possible interpretation of the abnormal feature by proposing that the neutrino outburst originates from the interaction between a relativistic jet and a dense gas cloud formed via the tidally disrupted envelope of a red giant being blown apart by the impact of the jet. Gamma-ray photons and electron/positron pairs that are produced through the hadronuclear interactions correspondingly will induce electromagnetic cascades and then make the cloud ionized and thermalized. The EM radiation from jet-cloud/star interaction is mainly contributed by the relatively low-energy relativistic protons which propagate in the diffusion regime inside the cloud due to magnetic deflections, whereas the observed high-energy neutrinos ($\gtrsim 100\,\rm TeV$) are produced by the relatively high-energy protons which can keep beamed owing to the weak magnetic deflections, inducing a much higher flux of neutrinos than electromagnetic radiation. The observed low-energy electromagnetic radiations during the neutrino outburst period are almost as same as that in the quiescent state of the source, so it may mainly arise as same as the general quiescent state. As a result, due to the intrusion of a dense cloud, the neutrino outburst can be expected, and in the meantime, the accompanying electromagnetic radiations from hadronic processes will not cause any enhancement in the blazar's electromagnetic flux.

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