arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1808.05977nucl-thnucl-exstat.AP
收藏

用约束高斯过程重新讨论质子半径问题

Revisiting the proton-radius problem using constrained Gaussian processes

Shuang Zhou, P. Giuliani, J. Piekarewicz, Anirban Bhattacharya, Debdeep Pati

摘要:

背景资料:“质子半径之谜”是指一个八年的老问题,突出了主要的不一致性提取的电荷半径的质子从μ子兰姆转移实验相比,实验使用弹性电子散射。对于后者,电荷半径的确定涉及到将实验形状因子外推到零动量转移。目的:通过引入一种新的非参数方法来模拟质子的电形状因子,从而估计质子半径。方法:在贝叶斯范式内,我们开发了一个足够灵活的模型来拟合数据,而无需对形状因子进行任何参数假设。贝叶斯估计通过对形状因子仅施加两个物理约束来指导:(a)其在零动量传递(归一化)时的值和(b)其整体形状,假定为动量传递的单调递减函数。这些假设的变体进行了探讨,以评估这些限制的影响。结果如下:到目前为止,我们的结果是不确定的质子之谜,因为它们取决于这两个,假设的约束和使用的实验数据的范围。例如,如果仅使用低动量传递数据,则仅采用归一化约束提供与较小μ介子结果兼容的值,而仅施加形状约束有利于较大的电子值。结论:提出了一种基于非参数高斯过程的电子散射数据估计质子半径的新方法。我们已经显示了施加在形状因子上的物理约束和所使用的实验数据的范围的影响。在这方面,我们希望,随着这项技术的完善,以及PRad实验的预期新结果,我们将更接近解决这个难题。

英文摘要:

Background: The "proton radius puzzle" refers to an eight-year old problem that highlights major inconsistencies in the extraction of the charge radius of the proton from muonic Lamb-shift experiments as compared against experiments using elastic electron scattering. For the latter, the determination of the charge radius involves an extrapolation of the experimental form factor to zero momentum transfer. Purpose: To estimate the proton radius by introducing a novel non-parametric approach to model the electric form factor of the proton. Methods: Within a Bayesian paradigm, we develop a model flexible enough to fit the data without any parametric assumptions on the form factor. The Bayesian estimation is guided by imposing only two physical constraints on the form factor: (a) its value at zero momentum transfer (normalization) and (b) its overall shape, assumed to be a monotonically decreasing function of the momentum transfer. Variants of these assumptions are explored to assess the impact of these constraints. Results: So far our results are inconclusive in regard to the proton puzzle, as they depend on both, the assumed constrains and the range of experimental data used. For example, if only low momentum-transfer data is used, adopting only the normalization constraint provides a value compatible with the smaller muonic result, while imposing only the shape constraint favors the larger electronic value. Conclusions: We have presented a novel technique to estimate the proton radius from electron scattering data based on a non-parametric Gaussian process. We have shown the impact of the physical constraints imposed on the form factor and of the range of experimental data used. In this regard, we are hopeful that as this technique is refined and with the anticipated new results from the PRad experiment, we will get closer to resolve of the puzzle.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑