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arXiv 1808.04543cond-mat.mes-hall
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拓扑霍尔效应的弱耦合理论

Weak coupling theory of topological Hall effect

Kazuki Nakazawa, Hiroshi Kohno

摘要:

拓扑霍尔效应(THE)是由非共面自旋织构引起的,其特征是标量自旋手征,通常用Berry相或相关的有效磁场来描述。当传导电子与自旋织构的耦合$M$很强(强耦合区)且绝热条件满足时,该图像是合适的。然而,在弱耦合区,当耦合$M$小于电子散射率时,绝热条件不满足,Berry相位图不成立。在这样的制度,有效的磁场的自旋织构的关系可以是“非本地的”,在强耦合的情况下,与“本地”的关系。针对连续但一般自旋织构的情况,我们研究了弱耦合区域中各种特征区域的THE,即(1)扩散和局域,(2)扩散和非局域,以及(3)弹道。在自旋弛豫的存在下,在“最弱耦合”区域中又出现了两个区域:(1 ')扩散和局部区域,以及(2')扩散和非局部区域。我们推导了每个区域的拓扑霍尔电导率(THC)的解析表达式,并发现有效场局域性的条件取决于电子的横向自旋扩散。在区域1中,自旋弛豫可以忽略,有效场是局部的,THC被发现是成比例的$M$,而不是$M^3$的最弱的耦合制度。在扩散的非局域区域(2和2 ')中,有效场由电子在扩散运动期间看到的“有效自旋”形成的自旋手征给出。将结果应用到Skyrmion晶格中,我们发现在2 '区,THC随Skyrmion密度的增加而减小,反映了有效场的非定域性,并在“定域”区的边界处出现极大值。

英文摘要:

Topological Hall effect (THE) caused by a noncoplanar spin texture characterized by a scalar spin chirality is often described by the Berry phase, or the associated effective magnetic field. This picture is appropriate when the coupling, $M$, of conduction electrons to the spin texture is strong (strong-coupling regime) and the adiabatic condition is satisfied. However, in the weak-coupling regime, where the coupling $M$ is smaller than the electrons' scattering rate, the adiabatic condition is not satisfied and the Berry phase picture does not hold. In such a regime, the relation of the effective magnetic field to the spin texture can be "nonlocal", in contrast to the "local" relation in the strong coupling case. Focusing on the case of continuous but general spin texture, we investigate the THE in various characteristic regions in the weak-coupling regime, namely, (1) diffusive and local, (2) diffusive and nonlocal, and (3) ballistic. In the presence of spin relaxation, there arise two more regions in the "weakest-coupling" regime: (1') diffusive and local, and (2') diffusive and nonlocal. We derived the analytic expression of the topological Hall conductivity (THC) for each region, and found that the condition for the locality of the effective field is governed by transverse spin diffusion of electrons. In region 1, where the spin relaxation is negligible and the effective field is local, the THC is found to be proportional to $M$, instead of $M^3$ of the weakest-coupling regime. In the diffusive, nonlocal regions (2 and 2'), the effective field is given by a spin chirality formed by "effective spins" that the electrons see during their diffusive motion. Applying the results to a skyrmion lattice, we found the THC decreses as the skyrmion density is increased in region 2', reflecting the nonlocality of the effective field, and shows a maximum at the boundary to the "local" region.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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