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arXiv 1808.01780astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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通过近红外积分光变揭示高红移（超）亮InfraRed星系中的尘埃超新星

Revealing Dusty Supernovae in High-Redshift (Ultra-)Luminous InfraRed Galaxies Through Near-Infrared Integrated Light Variability

Haojing Yan, Zhiyuan Ma, John F. Beacom, James Runge

备注：
ApJ in print. Version updated to be consistent with that accepted by ApJ
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摘要：

明亮和超亮红外星系（（U）LIRGs）今天很少见，但在高红移处越来越丰富。它们被认为是尘埃星暴，因此应该有很高的超新星发生率（每年多个事件）。然而，由于它们的尘埃环境，这种超新星只能在红外和更长的波长下被探测到，我们目前的设施缺乏在本地宇宙之外单独发现它们的能力。我们提出了一种新的技术，更高的红移，这是搜索超新星的存在，通过整个主机的整体休息帧红外线的变化。我们提出了一个试点研究，以评估这种技术的可行性。我们利用一个独特的区域，“IRAC暗场”（IDF），斯皮策太空望远镜已经观察了超过14年的3- 5微米。以色列国防军还拥有来自赫歇尔空间天文台的深远红外数据（200- 550微米），使我们能够选择高红移（U）LIRG。我们获得了具有安全光学对应物的（U）LIRGs样品，并检查了它们在3- 5微米范围内的光变曲线。虽然变化也可能是由活动星系核引起的，但我们发现这种污染是可以识别的。我们提出了两种情况下，在他们的光变曲线的不同功能是一致的多个超新星重叠的时间。以这种方式搜索超新星将与詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）相关，以探测高红移（U）LIRG进入其核区域，JWST将受到其分辨率的限制。

英文摘要：

Luminous and ultra-luminous infrared galaxies ((U)LIRGs) are rare today but are increasingly abundant at high redshifts. They are believed to be dusty starbursts, and hence should have high rates of supernovae (multiple events per year). Due to their extremely dusty environment, however, such supernovae could only be detected in restframe infrared and longer wavelengths, where our current facilities lack the capability of finding them individually beyond the local universe. We propose a new technique for higher redshifts, which is to search for the presence of supernovae through the variability of the integrated rest-frame infrared light of the entire hosts. We present a pilot study to assess the feasibility of this technique. We exploit a unique region, the "IRAC Dark Field" (IDF), that the Spitzer Space Telescope has observed for more than 14 years in 3--5 micron. The IDF also has deep far-infrared data (200--550 micron) from the Herschel Space Observatory that allow us to select high-redshift (U)LIRGs. We obtain a sample of (U)LIRGs that have secure optical counterparts, and examine their light curves in 3--5 micron. While the variabilities could also be caused by AGNs, we show that such contaminations can be identified. We present two cases where the distinct features in their light curves are consistent with multiple supernovae overlapping in time. Searching for supernovae this way will be relevant to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to probe high-redshift (U)LIRGs into their nuclear regions where JWST will be limited by its resolution.

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