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arXiv 1807.09178astro-ph.HE
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XMM-牛顿偶然调查。VIII:第一个来自重叠观测的XMM-牛顿偶然源目录

The XMM-Newton serendipitous survey. VIII: The first XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue from overlapping observations

I. Traulsen, A. D. Schwope, G. Lamer, J. Ballet, F. Carrera, M. Coriat, M. J. Freyberg, L. Michel, C. Motch, S. R. Rosen, N. Webb, M. T. Ceballos, F. Koliopanos… 展开作者

I. Traulsen, A. D. Schwope, G. Lamer, J. Ballet, F. Carrera, M. Coriat, M. J. Freyberg, L. Michel, C. Motch, S. R. Rosen, N. Webb, M. T. Ceballos, F. Koliopanos, J. Kurpas, M. Page, M. G. Watson

摘要:

XMM-牛顿自2000年初以来一直在观测X射线天空。XMM-牛顿巡天科学中心联盟已经出版了在个别观测中偶然发现的X射线和紫外线源的目录。这个系列现在增加了一个目录,专门用于在空间重叠的XMM-牛顿观测中检测到的X射线源。这个目录的目的是探索重复观测的天空区域。因此,它利用了每个天空区域较长的有效曝光时间,并提供了直接通过源探测过程调查长期通量变化的机会。提出了一种新的多观测同时源检测标准化策略。它被编码为XMM-Newton科学分析系统中的一项新任务,用于编辑来自434个堆栈的源目录,其中包括进入3XMM-DR 7目录的1,789个重叠的XMM-Newton观测,具有低背景和所有EPIC相机的全帧读数。第一个堆叠目录被称为3XMM-DR 7。它包含71,951个独特的源,具有位置和参数,如通量,硬度比,质量估计和观测间变化的信息。大约15%的来源是关于3XMM-DR 7的新来源。通过叠加源检测,可以确定重复观测源的参数,其精度高于单个观测值。该方法对微弱的源更敏感,并且倾向于产生更少的虚假检测。通过这第一个堆叠目录,我们证明了这种方法的可行性和好处。它通过额外的,特别是微弱的来源补充了XMM-牛顿探测的大数据库,并增加了变异信息。将来,该目录将扩大到更大的样本,并继续在偶然的XMM-牛顿源目录系列中。

英文摘要:

XMM-Newton has observed the X-ray sky since early 2000. The XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre Consortium has published catalogues of X-ray and ultraviolet sources found serendipitously in the individual observations. This series is now augmented by a catalogue dedicated to X-ray sources detected in spatially overlapping XMM-Newton observations. The aim of this catalogue is to explore repeatedly observed sky regions. It thus makes use of the long(er) effective exposure time per sky area and offers the opportunity to investigate long-term flux variability directly through the source detection process. A new standardised strategy for simultaneous source detection on multiple observations is introduced. It is coded as a new task within the XMM-Newton Science Analysis System and used to compile a catalogue of sources from 434 stacks comprising 1,789 overlapping XMM-Newton observations that entered the 3XMM-DR7 catalogue, have a low background and full-frame readout of all EPIC cameras. The first stacked catalogue is called 3XMM-DR7s. It contains 71,951 unique sources with positions and parameters such as fluxes, hardness ratios, quality estimates, and information on inter-observation variability. About 15% of the sources are new with respect to 3XMM-DR7. Through stacked source detection, the parameters of repeatedly observed sources can be determined with higher accuracy than in the individual observations. The method is more sensitive to faint sources and tends to produce fewer spurious detections. With this first stacked catalogue we demonstrate the feasibility and benefit of the approach. It supplements the large data base of XMM-Newton detections by additional, in particular faint, sources and adds variability information. In the future, the catalogue will be expanded to larger samples and continued within the series of serendipitous XMM-Newton source catalogues.

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