偶然发现的NuSTAR探测到一个拥有被遮蔽活动星系核的巨型射电源
A Serendipitous NuSTAR Detection of a Giant Radio Source Harboring an Obscured Active Galactic Nucleus
AI总结：
该研究通过多波段观测发现了一个被遮蔽的活动星系核，其具有陡峭的射电光谱和低核心主导性，证实其为类型II AGN。
摘要：
巨型射电源（GRSs）是宇宙中由单个星系产生的最大结构，其投影源尺寸超过700kpc。这些神秘的天体主要在射电频率下研究，其在高能领域的物理特性了解甚少。本文报告了针对NuSTAR J112829+5831.8（J1128+5831）的多波段研究结果，它是唯一已知的偶然被NuSTAR探测到的GRS。J1128+5831位于著名的相互作用星系系统Arp 299附近，已被偶然观测到的Chandra X射线天文台、哈勃空间望远镜和XMM-Newton卫星所观测。从使用低频阵列、NRAO VLA天空巡天和甚大基线天空巡天的射电观测中，我们确定J1128+5831具有整体陡峭的射电光谱（α=-0.86；Fν∝ν^α）和低核心主导性（C_D=-2.4，对数尺度），表明该源以大角度观测。从X射线光谱分析中，我们发现J1128+5831具有被遮蔽的活动星系核（AGN），中性氢柱密度超过10^23 cm^-2。其光学光谱，通过暗能量光谱仪测定，表现出显著的窄发射线但缺乏宽成分，从而确认J1128+5831是一个类型II AGN，由辐射效率高的吸积系统驱动。总体而言，J1128+5831的宽波段特性与一般GRS群体观测到的特性一致。
英文摘要：
Giant radio sources (GRSs) harbor the Universe's largest structures generated by individual galaxies, with projected source sizes exceeding 700 kpc. These enigmatic objects have been mainly studied at radio frequencies, and their physical properties in the high-energy domain are poorly understood. Here we present the results of a multiwavelength study focused on NuSTAR J112829+5831.8 (J1128+5831), the only known GRS serendipitously detected with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array. Being located in proximity to the famous interacting galaxy system, Arp 299, J1128+5831 has been serendipitously observed also by the Chandra X-ray Observatory, Hubble Space Telescope, and XMM-Newton satellites. From radio observations with the Low Frequency Array, the NRAO VLA Sky Survey and the Very Large Array Sky Survey, we have determined that J1128+5831 has an overall steep radio spectrum ($α=-0.86$; $F_ν\proptoν^α$) and a low core dominance ($C_{\rm D}=-2.4$, in log-scale), indicating the source to be viewed at large angles. From the X-ray spectral analysis, we found J1128+5831 to harbor an obscured active galactic nucleus (AGN) with neutral hydrogen column density exceeding $10^{23}$ cm$^{-2}$. Its optical spectrum, taken with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, exhibits prominent narrow emission lines but lacks broad components, thus confirming J1128+5831 to be a Type 2 AGN powered by a radiatively efficient accreting system. Overall, the broadband properties of J1128+5831 are consistent with those observed for the general GRS population.
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