染色质激光成像揭示早期癌症检测的异常核变化
Chromatin Laser Imaging Reveals Abnormal Nuclear Changes for Early Cancer Detection
摘要：
我们开发并应用快速扫描激光发射显微镜来检测细胞核的异常变化，用于癌症和癌症前兆的早期诊断。染色质的调节对遗传发育和正常细胞功能至关重要，而异常的核变化可能导致许多疾病，特别是癌症。在比肿瘤发展更早的阶段检测明显正常组织中的异常变化的能力对于癌症预防至关重要。在这里，我们报告使用LEM分析结肠癌的风险小鼠的结肠组织通过检测前息肉核异常。通过对染色质的激光发射进行成像，我们发现，尽管在立体镜下没有可观察到的病变、息肉或肿瘤，但高脂肪小鼠的激光阈值明显低于低脂肪小鼠。事实上，低激光阈值与腺瘤非常相似，是由异常细胞增殖和染色质失调引起的，可能导致癌症。我们的研究结果表明，传统的方法，如结肠镜检查，可能不足以揭示隐藏或早期肿瘤的发展。我们设想，这项工作将提供新的见解LEM的早期肿瘤检测在临床诊断和基础生物学和生物医学研究的染色质变化在生物分子水平的癌症发展。
英文摘要：
We developed and applied rapid scanning laser-emission microscopy to detect abnormal changes in cell nuclei for early diagnosis of cancer and cancer precursors. Regulation of chromatins is essential for genetic development and normal cell functions, while abnormal nuclear changes may lead to many diseases, in particular, cancer. The capability to detect abnormal changes in apparently normal tissues at a stage earlier than tumor development is critical for cancer prevention. Here we report using LEM to analyze colonic tissues from mice at-risk for colon cancer by detecting prepolyp nuclear abnormality. By imaging the lasing emissions from chromatins, we discovered that, despite the absence of observable lesions, polyps, or tumors under stereoscope, high-fat mice exhibited significantly lower lasing thresholds than low-fat mice. The low lasing threshold is, in fact, very similar to that of adenomas and is caused by abnormal cell proliferation and chromatin deregulation that can potentially lead to cancer. Our findings suggest that conventional methods, such as colonoscopy, may be insufficient to reveal hidden or early tumors under development. We envision that this work will provide new insights into LEM for early tumor detection in clinical diagnosis and fundamental biological and biomedical research of chromatin changes at the biomolecular level of cancer development.
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