癌症研究的新兴技术：利用微流控平台和3D肿瘤模型实现个性化医疗
Emerging Technologies for Cancer Research: Towards Personalized Medicine with Microfluidic Platforms and 3D Tumor Models
摘要：
在本综述中，我们描述了癌症研究中的三个热点问题，如循环肿瘤细胞，外泌体和3D环境模型。第一部分致力于用于检测循环肿瘤细胞的微流体平台，包括利用抗体和适体的基于亲和力的方法，以及利用癌细胞物理特征和最近异常癌症代谢的无标记方法。在第二部分中，我们简要描述了外泌体的生物学及其在癌症中的作用，以及用于其分离和创新微流体平台的常规技术。在第三部分中，强调了肿瘤微环境的重要性，以及体外建模技术。最后，我们讨论了二维单层方法的局限性，并描述了不同的三维肿瘤系统的细胞-细胞相互作用分析的优点和缺点，以及它们在癌症管理中的潜在应用。
英文摘要：
In the present review, we describe three hot topics in cancer research such as circulating tumor cells, exosomes, and 3D environment models. The first section is dedicated to microfluidic platforms for detecting circulating tumor cells, including both affinity based methods that take advantage of antibodies and aptamers, and label free approaches, exploiting cancer cells physical features and, more recently, abnormal cancer metabolism. In the second section, we briefly describe the biology of exosomes and their role in cancer, as well as conventional techniques for their isolation and innovative microfluidic platforms. In the third section, the importance of tumor microenvironment is highlighted, along with techniques for modeling it in vitro. Finally, we discuss limitations of two dimensional monolayer methods and describe advantages and disadvantages of different three dimensional tumor systems for cell cell interaction analysis and their potential applications in cancer management.
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