SQUID磁测量用于癌症筛查的可行性研究
SQUID Magnetometry for Cancer Screening a Feasibility Study
摘要：
最近的证明表明，与各种生物分子和药理学试剂相关的纳米颗粒可以全身性地施用于人类，而没有来自颗粒的毒性，这开启了将这种颗粒靶向体内特定组织以用于疾病成像和治疗的新时代。用于此目的的大多数颗粒含有铁，并通过磁共振成像在体内检测到。我们相信超导量子干涉仪（SQUID）可以提供定量和空间相关的定位的超顺磁性纳米粒子在体内针对特定的细胞靶点的信息。我们设想了一个扫描系统，包括一个直流感应场，一个运输设备，和一个平面的一阶梯度线圈耦合到DC SQUID放大器的阵列。我们进行了一组计算机模拟，使用实验确定的值的浓度的顺磁性颗粒可实现在特定组织的小鼠在体内和浓度的颗粒连接到单克隆抗体特异性抗原的两个人癌细胞系在体外。选择了一个10厘米的目标距离的仪器，以便对于一个普通的成人扫描的前表面和后表面可以提供覆盖的大部分身体。模拟结果表明，SQUID磁强计监测体内超顺磁性颗粒的可实现浓度的可行性，并提高了使用这种方法来检测和定位这些颗粒所针对的异常细胞集合的可能性。
英文摘要：
The recent demonstration that nanoparticles associated with various biological molecules and pharmacological agents can be administered systemically to humans, without toxicity from the particles, has opened a new era in the targeting of such particles to specific tissues in the body for the imaging and therapy of disease. The majority of particles used for this purpose contain iron and are detected in the body by magnetic resonance imaging. We believe a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) could provide quantitative and spatial information relevant to localization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles directed to a specific cell target in vivo. We envision a scanning system consisting of a DC induction field, a transport device, and an array of planar first order gradiometer coils coupled to DC SQUID amplifiers. We performed a set of computer simulations using experimentally determined values for concentrations of paramagnetic particles achievable in specific tissues of the mouse in vivo and concentrations of particles linked to monoclonal antibodies specific to antigens of two human cancer cell lines in vitro. An instrument to target distance of 10 centimeters was selected so that for an average adult scanning both the anterior and posterior surfaces could provide coverage of most of the body. The simulations demonstrate the feasibility of SQUID magnetometry for monitoring achievable concentrations of superparamagnetic particles in vivo and raise the possibility of using this approach to detect and localize collections of abnormal cells targeted by such particles.
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