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arXiv 1807.04460physics.plasm-ph
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相对论电子逃逸过程中正电子的动力学

Dynamics of positrons during relativistic electron runaway

Ola Embréus, Linnea Hesslow, Mathias Hoppe, Gergely Papp, Katya Richards, Tünde Fülöp

摘要:

等离子体中足够强的电场可以将带电粒子加速到相对论能量。在本文中,我们描述了在这种电场中加速的正电子的动力学,并计算了产生的正电子中加速逃逸的部分,以及它们发射的辐射量。我们推导出一个分析公式,表明不同的正电子生产过程的相对重要性,并表明,在一定的阈值电场以上的对生产的光子是低于碰撞。此外,我们提出的正电子动力学方程的解析解和数值解,这些被应用到计算的正电子,成为加速或热化,进入速率方程,描述的缓慢和快速的正电子种群的密度的演变的分数。最后,为了表明正电子探测在托卡马克放电逃逸过程中所需的操作参数,我们给出了检测到的湮灭辐射的参数依赖关系的表达式相比,检测到的轫致辐射在一个角度垂直于逃逸加速度的方向。使用完整的领先秩序对生产截面,我们证明,以前的相关工作高估了碰撞对生产至少四个因素。

英文摘要:

Sufficiently strong electric fields in plasmas can accelerate charged particles to relativistic energies. In this paper we describe the dynamics of positrons accelerated in such electric fields, and calculate the fraction of created positrons that become runaway accelerated, along with the amount of radiation that they emit. We derive an analytical formula that shows the relative importance of the different positron production processes, and show that above a certain threshold electric field the pair production by photons is lower than that by collisions. We furthermore present analytical and numerical solutions to the positron kinetic equation; these are applied to calculate the fraction of positrons that become accelerated or thermalized, which enters into rate equations that describe the evolution of the density of the slow and fast positron populations. Finally, to indicate operational parameters required for positron detection during runaway in tokamak discharges, we give expressions for the parameter dependencies of detected annihilation radiation compared to bremsstrahlung detected at an angle perpendicular to the direction of runaway acceleration. Using the full leading order pair production cross section, we demonstrate that previous related work has overestimated the collisional pair production by at least a factor of four.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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