相对论逃逸电子雪崩发展的简单反应堆模型
Simple reactor model of relativistic runaway electron avalanche development
摘要：
地球大气中的高能γ辐射与雷暴电场中相对论逃逸电子雪崩（RREA）的韧致辐射有关。在本文中，RREA的发展进行了研究的系统中的两个强电场区域内的雷暴，加速逃逸电子向对方。这样的系统称为简单反应堆。发现γ射线和逃逸电子从一个区域传播到另一个区域导致正反馈。这种被称为反应堆反馈的反馈可以使RREA自我维持，从而有效地倍增包含简单反应堆的雷暴内的高能粒子。简单反应堆γ辐射的光谱和特征时间尺度与地面γ射线闪光（TGFs）数据一致。简单的反应堆模型TGF的适用性进行了讨论，并被认为是TGF和雷暴地面增强过程中的简单反应堆辐射的显着可观察的属性。
英文摘要：
High-energy gamma radiation in the Earth's atmosphere is associated with the bremsstrahlung of Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanches (RREA) developing in thunderstorm electric fields. In this paper, RREA development is studied in the system of two strong electric-field regions within thunderstorms, which accelerate runaway electrons toward each other. Such a system is called the simple reactor. It is discovered that the propagation of gamma rays and runaway electrons from one region to another leads to positive feedback. This feedback called the reactor feedback can make RREA self-sustaining, thus effectively multiplying high-energy particles inside thunderstorms containing the simple reactor. The spectrum and characteristic time scale of the simple reactor gamma radiation are in agreement with Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) data. The applicability of the simple reactor model to TGF is discussed, and the distinguishing observable properties of the simple reactor radiation during TGF and Thunderstorm Ground Enhancement are considered.
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