Isotope production in thunderstorms

从太阳系行星雷暴对millicharged粒子的约束

Constraints on millicharged particles from thunderstorms on the Solar system planets

研究通过Schwinger机制探讨雷暴中millicharged粒子的产生，基于卫星观测数据，提出对粒子电荷和质量的约束，特别指出土星大气中层状云结构下的最佳约束。

Downward Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash observed in Winter Thunderstorm

During a winter thunderstorm on 2017 November 24, a strong burst of gamma rays with energies up to $\sim$10~MeV was detected coincident with a lightning discharge, by scintillation detectors installed at Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station at sea level in Japan. The burst had a sub-second duration, which is suggestive of photoneutron productions. The leading part of the burst was resolved into four intense gamma-ray bunches, each coincident with a low-frequency radio pulse. These bunches were separated by 0.7--1.5~ms, with a duration of $\ll$1~ms each. Thus, the present burst may be consi…

First measurement of radioactive isotope production through cosmic-ray muon spallation in Super-Kamiokande IV

Cosmic-ray-muon spallation-induced radioactive isotopes with $β$ decays are one of the major backgrounds for solar, reactor, and supernova relic neutrino experiments. Unlike in scintillator, production yields for cosmogenic backgrounds in water have not been exclusively measured before, yet they are becoming more and more important in next generation neutrino experiments designed to search for rare signals. We have analyzed the low-energy trigger data collected at Super-Kamiokande-IV in order to determine the production rates of $^{12}$B, $^{12}$N, $^{16}$N, $^{11}$Be, $^9$Li, $^8$He, $^9$C, $…

高能质子-核散射中双轻子产生的非相干过程

Incoherent processes in dileptons production in proton-nucleus scattering at high energies

本研究构建了纳入轻子对产生形式的新量子力学模型，分析了高能质子-核散射中双轻子产生的非相干过程，证实非相干贡献占主导且对解释实验数据至关重要。

Measuring the Cosmic Ray Muon-Induced Fast Neutron Spectrum by (n,p) Isotope Production Reactions in Underground Detectors

While cosmic ray muons themselves are relatively easy to veto in underground detectors, their interactions with nuclei create more insidious backgrounds via: (i) the decays of long-lived isotopes produced by muon-induced spallation reactions inside the detector, (ii) spallation reactions initiated by fast muon-induced neutrons entering from outside the detector, and (iii) nuclear recoils initiated by fast muon-induced neutrons entering from outside the detector. These backgrounds, which are difficult to veto or shield against, are very important for solar, reactor, dark matter, and other under…

AMS-02铍同位素通量的数据驱动产生截面解释

Interpretation of AMS-02 beryllium isotope fluxes using data-driven production cross sections

利用数据驱动产生截面参数化方法，创新性地以$^7$Be约束宇宙射线传播参数，并反推$^9$Be产生截面显著低于预期，首次用CR数据识别可疑核子产生截面。