Faraday rotation is one of the most widely used observables to infer the strength and configuration of the magnetic field in the ionised gas of the Milky Way and nearby spiral galaxies. Here we compute synthetic Faraday rotation maps at $z=0$ for a set of disk galaxies from the Auriga high-resolution cosmological simulations, for different observer positions within and outside the galaxy. We find that the strength of the Faraday rotation of our simulated galaxies for a hypothetic observer at the solar circle is broadly consistent with the Faraday rotation seen for the Milky Way. The same holds for an observer outside the galaxy and the observed signal of the nearby spiral galaxy M51. However, we also find that the structure and angular power spectra of the synthetic all-sky Faraday rotation maps vary strongly with azimuthal position along the solar circle. We argue that this variation is a result of the structure of the magnetic field of the galaxy that is dominated by an azimuthal magnetic field ordered scales of several kpc, but has radial and vertical magnetic field components that are only ordered on scales of 1-2 kpc. Because the magnetic field strength decreases exponentially with height above the disk, the Faraday rotation for an observer at the solar circle is dominated by the local environment. This represents a severe obstacle for attempts to reconstruct the global magnetic field of the Milky Way from Faraday rotation maps alone without including additional observables.
Hints of High Core Faraday Rotations from a Joint Analysis of VLBA and Optical Polarization Data
虽然射电巨响的活动星系核（AGN）的连续体通常在几乎整个光谱上都由同步辐射控制，但尚不清楚射电和高频辐射是起源于喷流的同一部分还是不同部分。最近已经发现了几种不同的基于偏振数据的无线电-光学相关性，这表明光学和无线电偏振可能密切相关，并且相应的发射区域可能是共空间的（Gabuzda et. al 2006，Jorstad et al. 2007，D 'Arcangelo et al. 2007）我们对大约40个活动星系核样本的光学和VLBA偏振数据的联合分析表明，在对推断的VLBA核心法拉第旋转进行校正后，大多数BL Lac天体和一些类星体具有对准的VLBA核心偏振和光学偏振，尽管许多类星体的VLBA核与光学偏振角之间也没有明显的关系。这可能表明，并不是所有的活动星系核在其喷流中都有光辐射和射电辐射的共空间区域。然而，另一种可能性是，一些7 mm-2 cm VLBA核心的法拉第旋转大约为数万rad/m^2，由于观测到的偏振角中的n*pi模糊性，我们的三频数据不能正确拟合，导致核心法拉第旋转的影响被错误地扣除，从而导致不正确的“零波长”无线电偏振角。Zavala & Taylor（2004）和Jorstad et al.（2007）的秒差距尺度法拉第旋转研究结果支持这种高核心法拉第旋转的可能性。
On the magnetic field inside the solar circle of the Galaxy: On the possibility of investigation some of characteristics of the interstellar medium with using of pulsars with large Faraday rotation values
