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arXiv 1806.08243quant-ph
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用弱测量跟踪单核自旋的进动

Tracking the precession of single nuclear spins by weak measurements

K. S. Cujia, J. M. Boss, K. Herb, J. Zopes, C. L. Degen

摘要:

核磁共振(NMR)光谱学是用于分析分子的结构和功能以及用于执行自旋密度的三维成像的强大技术。核磁共振波谱仪的核心是检测电磁辐射,其形式为自由感应衰减(FID)信号,由原子核在外加磁场周围进动产生。虽然传统的核磁共振需要来自1 e12或更多核的信号,但灵敏磁力测量的最新进展已经将这个数字大大降低到可以检测到很少甚至单个核自旋的水平。人们自然会问,连续FID检测是否仍然可以应用于单自旋水平,或者量子反作用是否会修改甚至抑制NMR响应。在这里,我们报告使用周期性弱测量跟踪单核自旋进动。我们的实验系统由金刚石中的碳-13核自旋组成,这些核自旋与附近氮空位中心的电子自旋弱相互作用,充当光学可读的米量子比特。我们观察到量子反作用的两个重要效应:测量引起的退相干和与采样时钟的频率同步。我们使用周期性的弱测量来证明灵敏的,高分辨率的NMR光谱的多个核自旋与先验未知的频率。我们的方法可以提供最佳的路线进行单分子NMR在原子分辨率。

英文摘要:

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for analyzing the structure and function of molecules, and for performing three-dimensional imaging of the spin density. At the heart of NMR spectrometers is the detection of electromagnetic radiation, in the form of a free induction decay (FID) signal, generated by nuclei precessing around an applied magnetic field. While conventional NMR requires signals from 1e12 or more nuclei, recent advances in sensitive magnetometry have dramatically lowered this number to a level where few or even individual nuclear spins can be detected. It is natural to ask whether continuous FID detection can still be applied at the single spin level, or whether quantum back-action modifies or even suppresses the NMR response. Here we report on tracking of single nuclear spin precession using periodic weak measurements. Our experimental system consists of carbon-13 nuclear spins in diamond that are weakly interacting with the electronic spin of a nearby nitrogen-vacancy center, acting as an optically readable meter qubit. We observe and minimize two important effects of quantum back-action: measurement-induced decoherence and frequency synchronization with the sampling clock. We use periodic weak measurements to demonstrate sensitive, high-resolution NMR spectroscopy of multiple nuclear spins with a priori unknown frequencies. Our method may provide the optimum route for performing single-molecule NMR at atomic resolution.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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