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arXiv 1806.05064astro-ph.HE
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类磁星X射线爆发后PSR J1119 $-$ 6127的特殊自旋频率和射电轮廓演化

Peculiar Spin Frequency and Radio Profile Evolution of PSR J1119$-$6127 Following Magnetar-like X-ray Bursts

S. Dai, S. Johnston, P. Weltevrede, M. Kerr, M. Burgay, P. Esposito, G. Israel, A. Possenti, N. Rea, J. Sarkissian

摘要:

我们介绍了无线电脉冲星J1119 $-$ 6127在2016年7月系统发生类磁星X射线爆发后的自旋频率和轮廓演化。利用Parkes射电望远镜的数据,我们观察到一个平稳而快速的自旋下降过程,随后的X射线爆发,导致脉冲星旋转频率的净变化$Δν\approx-4\times10^{-4}$ \,Hz。在转变期间,观察到净旋转下降速率增加$Δ\dotν\approx-1\times10^{-10}$ \,Hz\,s $^{-1}$,随后$\dotν$返回其原始值。此外,射电脉动在X射线爆发后消失,约两周后又出现,1.4GHz处的通量密度增加了5倍。然后通量密度下降并低于正常通量密度,然后缓慢恢复到正常。脉冲星的积分轮廓在总强度、偏振和位置角上经历了剧烈的短期变化。尽管复杂的演变,我们观察到的自旋下降率,脉冲轮廓形状和无线电通量密度之间的相关性。在X射线爆发后,我们观测到了强的单脉冲,其能量分布随时间变化。PSR~J1119 $-$ 6127独特而平滑的自旋频率演化伴随着系统的脉冲轮廓和通量密度变化,这很可能是表面磁场重构或X射线爆发触发的粒子风的结果。自旋下降率和脉冲轮廓恢复正常为我们研究强磁场类星体和磁星之间的联系提供了最好的情况。

英文摘要:

We present the spin frequency and profile evolution of the radio pulsar J1119$-$6127 following magnetar-like X-ray bursts from the system in 2016 July. Using data from the Parkes radio telescope, we observe a smooth and fast spin-down process subsequent to the X-ray bursts resulting in a net change in the pulsar rotational frequency of $Δν\approx-4\times10^{-4}$\,Hz. During the transition, a net spin-down rate increase of $Δ\dotν\approx-1\times10^{-10}$\,Hz\,s$^{-1}$ is observed, followed by a return of $\dotν$ to its original value. In addition, the radio pulsations disappeared after the X-ray bursts and reappeared about two weeks later with the flux density at 1.4\,GHz increased by a factor of five. The flux density then decreased and undershot the normal flux density followed by a slow recovery back to normal. The pulsar's integrated profile underwent dramatic and short-term changes in total intensity, polarization and position angle. Despite the complex evolution, we observe correlations between the spin-down rate, pulse profile shape and radio flux density. Strong single pulses have been detected after the X-ray bursts with their energy distributions evolving with time. The peculiar but smooth spin frequency evolution of PSR~J1119$-$6127 accompanied by systematic pulse profile and flux density changes are most likely to be a result of either reconfiguration of the surface magnetic fields or particle winds triggered by the X-ray bursts. The recovery of spin-down rate and pulse profile to normal provides us the best case to study the connection between high magnetic-field pulsars and magnetars.

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