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arXiv 1806.04690hep-thastro-ph.COhep-ph
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模星

Moduli Stars

Sven Krippendorf, Francesco Muia, Fernando Quevedo

摘要:

我们探讨了从弦紧化的标量场的(玻色-爱因斯坦)凝聚可以导致长寿命的紧凑对象的可能性。根据不同类型的标量场,我们发现不同的实现的星形和孤子对象。我们在IIB型弦紧化的框架下说明,闭弦模可以导致质量为$\mathcal{V}^αM_{\rm Planck}$,$α=1,3/2,5/3$的重微观星,其中$\mathcal{V}$是额外维的体积.超轻弦轴子的宏观紧凑对象实现与质量的顺序$e^{\mathcal{V}^{2/3}}M_{\rm Planck}.$ Q-球配置可以从开弦模,而封闭的弦部门产生一类新的解决方案,命名为PQ-球,出现在两个领域的轴子模系统。讨论了模星的稳定性、形成的可能性和通过引力波的可观测性。特别是,我们指出,在早期的物质阶段给出的模量支配,密度扰动增长的一个因素$\mathcal{V}^β$与$β>2$和非线性效应不能忽略。

英文摘要:

We explore the possibility that (Bose-Einstein) condensation of scalar fields from string compactifications can lead to long-lived compact objects. Depending on the type of scalar fields we find different realisations of star-like and solitonic objects. We illustrate in the framework of type~IIB string compactifications that closed string moduli can lead to heavy microscopic stars with masses of order $\mathcal{V}^αM_{\rm Planck}$, $α=1,3/2,5/3$ where $\mathcal{V}$ is the volume of the extra dimensions. Macroscopic compact objects from ultra-light string axions are realised with masses of order $e^{\mathcal{V}^{2/3}}M_{\rm Planck}.$ Q-ball configurations can be obtained from open string moduli whereas the closed string sector gives rise to a new class of solutions, named PQ-balls, that arise in the two-field axion-modulus system. The stability, the potential for the formation, and the observability of moduli stars through gravitational waves are discussed. In particular we point out that during the early matter phase given by moduli domination, density perturbations grow by a factor $\mathcal{V}^β$ with $β>2$ and non-linear effects cannot be neglected.

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