Based on the thermodynamic variation to the free energy functional, we propose a sharp-interface model for simulating solid-state dewetting of thin films on rigid curved substrates in two dimensions. This model describes the interface evolution which occurs through surface diffusion-controlled mass transport and contact point migration along the curved substrate. Furthermore, the surface energy anisotropy is easily included into the model, and the contact point migration is explicitly described by the relaxed contact angle boundary condition. We implement the mathematical model by a semi-implicit parametric finite element method to study several interesting phenomena, such as "small" particle migration on curved substrates and templated solid-state dewetting on a pre-patterned substrate. Based on ample numerical simulations, we demonstrate that, the migration velocity of a "small" solid particle is proportional to the substrate curvature gradient $\hatκ'$ and inversely proportional to the square root of the area of the particle $\sqrt{A}$, and it decreases when the isotropic Young angle $θ_i$ increases. In addition, we also observe four periodic categories of dewetting on a pre-patterned sinusoidal substrate. Our approach can provide a convenient and powerful tool to exploring how to produce well-organized nanoparticles by making use of template-assisted solid-state dewetting.
Thermodynamic approach to the dewetting instability in ultrathin films
薄膜中经典去湿不稳定性的流体动力学是一个非线性过程。然而,在特征长度和时间尺度方面的不稳定性的物理表现可以通过薄膜动力学的初始条件的线性化形式来描述。或者,基于将自由能降低速率等同于粘性耗散的热力学方法[de Gennes,C. R. Acad. [298]可以提供类似的信息。在这里,我们已经评估了去湿的存在下所产生的薄膜厚度(h)依赖于温度的热毛细作用力。这种情况可以在脉冲激光熔化金属薄膜的过程中发现,其中纳米级效应导致局部h依赖性温度。热力学方法提供了一个分析描述这种热毛细去湿。只要使自由能的减小率等于粘性耗散的最小值,这种方法的结果与线性理论和实验观察的结果是一致的。产生这种最小粘性耗散的流动边界条件是当膜-基底切向应力为零时。这一发现的物理含义是,自发脱湿不稳定遵循的路径的能量损失率最小。
Hybrid Epitaxial Al/InGaAs system: Solid-state dewetting and Al facet formation
University of Waterloo(滑铁卢大学);Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo(滑铁卢大学纳米技术研究所);Quantum Nanofabrication and Characterization Facility (QNFCF), University of Waterloo(滑铁卢大学量子纳米加工与表征设施);Canadian Light Source Inc.(加拿大光源公司);Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo(滑铁卢大学量子计算研究所)
Hyperuniform monocrystalline structures by spinodal solid-state dewetting
在大的长度尺度上具有密度波动异常抑制的材料是被称为无序超均匀的新兴系统。潜在的隐藏顺序使它们在几个应用中具有吸引力,例如光管理和拓扑保护的电子状态。这些应用需要可扩展的制造,这是很难实现与可用的自上而下的方法。从理论上讲,它是已知的,spinodal分解可以导致无序超均匀结构。因此,自发形成稳定的图案可能是自下而上制造这些材料的可行途径。在这里,我们表明,单晶超导体为基础的结构,特别是Si $_{1-x}$ Ge $_{x}$层沉积在绝缘体上的硅衬底,可以进行旋节固态去湿功能与有效的超均匀字符相关的障碍。可以获得针对特定形态和超均匀特性的纳米到微米尺寸的结构,证明了该方法的通用性,并为无序超均匀超材料的技术应用铺平了道路。相场模拟解释了潜在的非线性动力学和物理起源的新兴模式。
晶界动力学对于二维材料和金属薄膜的许多应用是重要的。为了研究衬底形状对GB迁移率和动力学的影响,结合不连续理论和Foppl von Karman方程,提出了一种动力学蒙特卡罗(kMC)模拟方法和弯曲衬底上GB的解析模型.以正弦MoS2为例,通过改变衬底形状、振幅和周期,可以使其GB迁移率提高50倍以上。我们发现振幅指数地改变GB迁移率,而波矢线性地改变GB迁移率。正弦GB动力学形状的波矢是基底的两倍,振幅与基底振幅的平方成正比。
Selective faceting induced by Hexagonal Boron Nitride on curved Platinum substrate
Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV-EHU)(材料物理中心);Materials Physics Center (MPC)(材料物理中心);Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU(巴斯克大学应用物理系);Donostia International Physics Center(圣塞巴斯蒂安国际物理中心);Department of Physics, University of Trieste(的里雅斯特大学物理系);Department of Physics, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus(比拉尼理工学院海德拉巴校区物理系);Chalmers University of Technology(查尔姆斯理工大学);Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin(柏林自由大学化学与生物化学研究所物理化学系);Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences(斯洛伐克科学院电气工程学院);CNR - Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)(意大利国家研究委员会材料工坊研究所)