破碎的时间：耗散的时间水晶能在多体相关中存活吗？
Shattered Time: Can a Dissipative Time Crystal Survive Many-Body Correlations?
摘要：
我们研究了驱动耗散多体自旋阵列中时间晶体的出现。在这个系统中，非相干自旋泵浦和集体发射之间的相互作用稳定了一个同步的非平衡稳态，在热力学极限的特点是一个自我生成的时间周期图案所施加的集体弹性相互作用。与先前的实现相比，时间对称性已经被外部驱动打破，这里它只被弹性交换相互作用自发打破，并在两时间相关谱中表现出来。采用精确的数值计算和二阶累积展开相结合，我们调查的多体相关性的时间晶体形成的影响，并建立一个政权之间的连接，它是稳定的和一个缓慢的增长速度的互信息，信号，这里研究的时间晶体是一个紧急的半经典的平衡态的物质。我们还确认了刚性的时间晶体单粒子退相。最后，我们讨论了一个实验实现中使用长寿命的偶极子在光学腔。
英文摘要：
We investigate the emergence of a time crystal in a driven-dissipative many-body spin array. In this system the interplay between incoherent spin pumping and collective emission stabilizes a synchronized non-equilibrium steady state which in the thermodynamic limit features a self-generated time-periodic pattern imposed by collective elastic interactions. In contrast to prior realizations where the time symmetry is already broken by an external drive, here it is only spontaneously broken by the elastic exchange interactions and manifest in the two-time correlation spectrum. Employing a combination of exact numerical calculations and a second-order cumulant expansion, we investigate the impact of many-body correlations on the time crystal formation and establish a connection between the regime where it is stable and a slow growth rate of the mutual information, signalling that the time crystal studied here is an emergent semi-classical out-of-equilibrium state of matter. We also confirm the rigidity of the time crystal to single-particle dephasing. Finally, we discuss an experimental implementation using long-lived dipoles in an optical cavity.
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