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arXiv 1804.04080cs.CR
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比特币生态系统中的勒索软件支付

Ransomware Payments in the Bitcoin Ecosystem

Masarah Paquet-Clouston, Bernhard Haslhofer, Benoit Dupont

摘要:

勒索软件可以阻止用户访问设备及其文件,直到向攻击者支付赎金,最常见的是比特币。它拥有500多个已知的勒索软件家族,已成为执法部门、安全专业人员和公众面临的主要网络犯罪威胁之一。然而,关于勒索软件攻击对全球直接金融影响的更全面、基于证据的描述仍然缺失。在本文中,我们提出了一种数据驱动的方法,用于根据公共比特币区块链上留下的足迹来识别和收集与非法活动相关的比特币交易信息。我们在GraphSense开源平台上实现了这种方法,并将其应用于经验分析与35个勒索软件家族相关的交易。我们估计了每个勒索软件家族的直接财务影响下限,发现从2013年到2017年年中,勒索软件支付市场的最低价值为12,768,536美元(22,967.54 BTC)。我们还发现,市场是高度倾斜的,只有少数玩家负责大部分支付。根据这些研究结果,决策者和执法机构可以利用所提供的统计数据来了解非法市场的规模,并就如何最好地应对这一威胁作出明智的决定。

英文摘要:

Ransomware can prevent a user from accessing a device and its files until a ransom is paid to the attacker, most frequently in Bitcoin. With over 500 known ransomware families, it has become one of the dominant cybercrime threats for law enforcement, security professionals and the public. However, a more comprehensive, evidence-based picture on the global direct financial impact of ransomware attacks is still missing. In this paper, we present a data-driven method for identifying and gathering information on Bitcoin transactions related to illicit activity based on footprints left on the public Bitcoin blockchain. We implement this method on-top-of the GraphSense open-source platform and apply it to empirically analyze transactions related to 35 ransomware families. We estimate the lower bound direct financial impact of each ransomware family and find that, from 2013 to mid-2017, the market for ransomware payments has a minimum worth of USD 12,768,536 (22,967.54 BTC). We also find that the market is highly skewed with only a few number of players responsible for the majority of the payments. Based on these research findings, policy-makers and law enforcement agencies can use the statistics provided to understand the size of the illicit market and make informed decisions on how best to address the threat.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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