arXiv 1803.084412018-03-22cond-mat.softnlin.AO

具有纤毛和鞭毛样运动的活性胶体链

Active colloidal chains with cilia- and flagella-like motion

S. Gonzalez, R. Soto

摘要：

研究表明，活性胶体颗粒自组装链可以呈现持续振荡。这些振荡是可能的，因为有效的diffusiophoretic力介导的胶体的相互作用不尊重的行动-反应的原则，因此，即使是过阻尼动力学的霍普夫分叉是可能的。在一个极端中包围粒子打破了头-尾对称性，并且振荡被转换成行波模式，因此链表现得像跳动的纤毛。锚上的净力，估计使用阻力理论，在分叉之前消失，此后与分叉参数线性增长。如果一端的粒子的迁移率被降低，以模拟一个细长的货物，行波在链条上产生一个净速度，现在它的行为就像一个移动的鞭毛。平均速度再次随分叉参数线性增长。我们的研究结果表明，简化的系统，仅由几个粒子的非互易相互作用和头-尾不对称性，拍运动和自推进。这两种性质都存在于许多非平衡模型中，从而使我们的结果成为活性物质的一般特征。

英文摘要：

It has been shown that self-assembled chains of active colloidal particles can present sustained oscillations. These oscillations are possible because of the effective diffusiophoretic forces that mediate the interactions of colloids do not respect the action--reaction principle and hence, a Hopf bifurcation is possible even for overdamped dynamics. Anchoring the particles in one extreme breaks the head-tail symmetry and the oscillation is transformed into a traveling wave pattern and thus the chain behaves like a beating cilium. The net force on the anchor, estimated using the resistive force theory, vanishes before the bifurcation and thereafter grows linearly with the bifurcation parameter. If the mobilities of the particles on one extreme are reduced to mimic an elongated cargo, the traveling wave generates a net velocity on the chain that now behaves like a moving flagellum. The average velocity again grows linearly with the bifurcation parameter. Our results demonstrate that simplified systems, consisting only of a few particles with non-reciprocal interaction and head-tail asymmetry show beating motion and self-propulsion. Both properties are present in many non-equilibrium models thus making our results a general feature of active matter.

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