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arXiv 1803.04763quant-ph
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含弱后向反射和其它弱赝腔的超导和光子电路的输入输出理论

Input-output theory for superconducting and photonic circuits that contain weak retro-reflections and other weak pseudo-cavities

Robert Cook, David Schuster, Andrew Cleland, Kurt Jacobs

摘要:

输入输出理论对于处理由传输线或波导连接的超导和光子电路是非常宝贵的。然而,该理论通常不能处理来自电路组件或分束器配置的回射产生用于连接系统的行波场的环路的情况。在这里,根据高夫和詹姆斯的网络收缩理论[Commun. Math.Phys.287,1109(2009)],我们提供了一种紧凑且强大的方法来处理包含这种回路的任何回路,只要由回路形成的有效腔足够弱。基本上,只要形成环路的反射器不是特别高的反射,所有当今的片上超导和光子电路都将满足这种弱点条件。作为一个例子,我们分析了两个量子比特之间的传输纠缠与不完美的循环器的传输线连接的问题,新方法是必不可少的问题。我们得到一个完整的解决方案的最佳接收器,发送方采用一个简单的打开/关闭。该解决方案表明,即使具有显著的回射,也可以实现近乎完美的透射。

英文摘要:

Input-output theory is invaluable for treating superconducting and photonic circuits connected by transmission lines or waveguides. However, this theory cannot in general handle situations in which retro-reflections from circuit components or configurations of beam-splitters create loops for the traveling-wave fields that connect the systems. Here, building upon the network-contraction theory of Gough and James [Commun. Math. Phys. 287, 1109 (2009)], we provide a compact and powerful method to treat any circuit that contains such loops so long as the effective cavities formed by the loops are sufficiently weak. Essentially all present-day on-chip superconducting and photonic circuits will satisfy this weakness condition so long as the reflectors that form the loops are not especially highly reflecting. As an example we analyze the problem of transmitting entanglement between two qubits connected by a transmission line with imperfect circulators, a problem for which the new method is essential. We obtain a full solution for the optimal receiver given that the sender employs a simple turn on/turn off. This solution shows that near-perfect transmission is possible even with significant retro-reflections.

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