arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1803.03072cond-mat.str-el
收藏

Kondo单态的自然轨道重整化群方法

Natural orbitals renormalization group approach to a Kondo singlet

Ru Zheng, Rong-Qiang He, Zhong-Yi Lu

摘要:

嵌入金属基质中的磁性杂质通过传导电子云集体屏蔽,以通过近藤效应的机制在特征能量标度$T_K$(近藤温度)以下形成近藤单线态。利用新近发展起来的自然轨道重整化群(NORG)方法重新研究了近藤单线态。我们发现,在自然轨道形式主义的框架下,Kondo屏蔽机制变得透明和简单,而Kondo单线态的内在结构得到了清晰的解决。对于单杂质Kondo系统,存在一个对磁性杂质起主要屏蔽作用的活性自然轨道。从纠缠的角度来看,磁性杂质主要与活跃的自然轨道纠缠,即,由活动自然轨道和磁性杂质形成的子系统基本上与剩余系统分离。我们还研究了主动自然轨道分别投影到实空间和动量空间的结构。利用修正矢量法,得到了在具有活泼自然轨道的杂质位定义的单粒子格林函数所表示的动力学性质。为了阐明近藤屏蔽云的空间扩展,引入了近藤相关能的概念。利用这一概念,我们得到了一个特征长度尺度,超过这个尺度,近藤屏蔽云在实验中几乎检测不到。我们的数值计算结果表明,这种特征长度尺度通常只有几个纳米,这解释了为什么它是很难检测到近藤屏蔽云实验中的金属主机。

英文摘要:

A magnetic impurity embedded in a metal host is collectively screened by a cloud of conduction electrons to form a Kondo singlet below a characteristic energy scale $T_K$, the Kondo temperature, through the mechanism of the Kondo effect. We have reinvestigated the Kondo singlet by means of the newly developed natural orbitals renormalization group (NORG) method. We find that, in the framework of natural orbitals formalism, the Kondo screening mechanism becomes transparent and simple, while the intrinsic structure of Kondo singlet is clearly resolved. For a single impurity Kondo system, there exits a single active natural orbital which screens the magnetic impurity dominantly. In the perspective of entanglement, the magnetic impurity is entangled dominantly with the active natural orbital, i.e., the subsystem formed by the active natural orbital and the magnetic impurity basically disentangles from the remaining system. We have also studied the structures of the active natural orbital respectively projected into real space and momentum space. Moreover, the dynamical properties, represented by one-particle Green's functions defined at impurity site with active natural orbital, were obtained by using correction vector method. In order to clarify the spatial extension of the Kondo screening cloud, the concept of Kondo correlation energy was introduced. With this concept we obtain a characteristic length scale beyond which the Kondo screening cloud is hardly detected in experiment. Our numerical results indicate that this characteristic length scale usually is just a few nanometers, which interprets why it is difficult to detect the Kondo screening cloud experimentally in a metal host.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑