主动多孔弹性两相模型中液滴的振荡运动
Oscillatory motion of a droplet in an active poroelastic two-phase model
摘要：
我们研究流动驱动的变形运动所表现出的多头绒泡菌的微原质团。将刚性边界的多孔弹性两相模型推广到自由边界和基底摩擦的情况。细胞骨架被建模为一个活跃的粘弹性固体渗透的流体相描述的胞质溶胶。化学调节剂，主动机械变形和诱导流动之间的反馈回路引起振荡和不规则运动，伴随着时空收缩模式。我们涵盖了扩展的参数制度的主动张力和基板摩擦的数值模拟在一个空间维度和重现实验观察到的振荡周期和振幅。与实验结果一致，该模型预测了在边界处的交替向前和向后的外质流，在中心处的反向流。然而，对于所有的周期性和不规则运动的情况下，我们几乎没有观察到净运动。一个简单的理论论证表明，定向运动是不可能的空间独立的基板摩擦。
英文摘要：
We investigate flow-driven amoeboid motility as exhibited by microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum. A poroelastic two-phase model with rigid boundaries is extended to the case of free boundaries and substrate friction. The cytoskeleton is modeled as an active viscoelastic solid permeated by a fluid phase describing the cytosol. A feedback loop between a chemical regulator, active mechanical deformations, and induced flows gives rise to oscillatory and irregular motion accompanied by spatio-temporal contraction patterns. We cover extended parameter regimes of active tension and substrate friction by numerical simulations in one spatial dimension and reproduce experimentally observed oscillation periods and amplitudes. In line with experiments, the model predicts alternating forward and backward ectoplasmatic flow at the boundaries with reversed flow in the center. However, for all cases of periodic and irregular motion, we observe practically no net motion. A simple theoretical argument shows that directed motion is not possible with a spatially independent substrate friction.
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