电子政务应用中的业务规则
Business Rules in e-Government Applications
摘要：
在公共行政中采用信息和通信技术，从根本上改变了各组织的合作方式，更广泛地说，改变了对组织边界以外的业务流程的思考方式。在本文中，我们描述了我们的方法，结合业务流程与业务规则，以有效地整合单个单位在组织间或组织内的合作。业务规则代表行政部门对其业务的了解;在这方面，它们可以表达战略、合同，不仅可以影响工作人员关系，而且最终也可以影响公民关系。换句话说，业务规则是管理的核心，影响业务流程或系统参与者的行为。它们通常隐式地表达在业务合同中，并且嵌入在许多应用程序模块的源代码中。因此，业务行为的简明说明性语句被转换为一组编程指令，这些指令广泛分布在整个信息系统中。通过这种方式，业务规则很难随着时间的推移而改变并保持一致。因此，有必要重新设计系统，以便在逻辑上甚至物理上将应用程序代码中的规则具体化。在我们提出的方法中，我们将合作描述为根据业务规则指定的组织逻辑以某些方式组合的任务集合。我们的规则驱动方法论的目标是使业务流程设计更能适应内部或外部环境的变化。
英文摘要：
The introduction of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into public administrations has been radically changing the way organizations cooperate and, more generally, the way to think about business processes over organizational boundaries. In this paper we describe our approach to combining business processes with business rules in order to integrate effectively single units in an inter- or intra-organizational cooperation. Business rules represent the knowledge that an administration has about its business; with regard to this, they can express strategies, contracts and can influence not only staff relations, but, finally, citizen relations, as well. In other words, business rules are the core of an administration and affect either the business processes or the behaviours of the system participants. They are typically expressed implicitly in business contracts and they are embedded within the source code of many application modules. So a concise and declarative statement of business behaviour is converted into a set of programming instructions, which are spread widely throughout the whole information system. In this way, business rules are difficult to change and keep consistent over the time. For this reason, it is necessary to reengineer the system in order to logically and perhaps physically externalize rules from the application code. In our proposed approach, we describe a cooperation as a collection of tasks combined in certain ways according to the organization logic specified by business rules. Our rule-driven methodology has the goal to make the business process design more adaptable to the changes of internal or external environment.
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